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Virus in the Office: Effects of Transition to Work from Home System Due to Covid-19 Pandemic on Employees Work-Life Conflict and a Qualitative Research on Resolutions

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 297 - 314, 30.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.836951

Abstract

The Covid-19 Pandemic makes working-from-home mandatory creates some difficulties for employees. This study was prepared to investigate the possible effects of changeover to the working-from-home system due to the Pandemic on employees' work-life conflicts and to offer solutions. The research was carried out at an international independent research company's head office which involved full-time office workers. With the structured interview, 10 people who have different life structures about home life, the number of people staying at home and their roles at home were interviewed. By examining the interview transcripts, 4 common themes were found as the effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic, the effects of working-from-home, the work-life conflict, and the effects of the pandemic process. It has been observed that the working-from-home system creates work-life conflict and the different home life structure affects the situation. Individual and managerial strategies are necessary for the resolution of work-life conflicts.

References

  • AHMADI, M., HELMS, M. M., & ROSS, T. J. (2000). Technological developments: shaping the telecommuting work environment of the future. Facilities Journal, 18(1-2), 83-89. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/02632770010312204
  • ALLEN, T. D., HERST, D. E., BRUCK, C. S., & SUTTON, M. (2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: a review and agenda for future research. Journal of occupational health psychology, 5(2), 278-290.
  • ANDERSON, S. E., COFFEY, B. S., & BYERLY, R. T. (2002). Formal organizational initiatives and informal workplace practices: Links to work-family conflict and job-related outcomes. Journal of management, 28(6), 787-810.
  • AZAD, B., SALAMOUN, R., GREENHILL, A., & WOOD-HARPER, T. (2016). Performing projects with constant connectivity: interplay of consulting project work practices and smartphone affordances. New Technology, Work and Employment, 31(1), 4-25.
  • BICK, A., BLANDIN, A., & MERTENS, K. (2020). Work from Home after the COVID-19 Outbreak. Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. doi:https://doi.org/10.24149/wp2017
  • BOSWELL, W. R., & OLSON-BUCHANAN, J. B. (2007). The use of communication technologies after hours: The role of work attitudes and work-life conflict. Journal of Management, 33(4), 592-610.
  • BREESCHOTEN, L. v., & EVERTSSON, M. (2019). When does part-time work relate to less worklife conflict for parents? Moderating influences of workplace support and gender in the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Community, Work & Family, 22(5), 606-628. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2019.1581138
  • BURKE, R. J., & GREENGLASS, E. R. (1999). Work–family conflict, spouse support, and nursing staff well-being during organizational restructuring. Journal of occupational health psychology, 4(4), 327-342.
  • CLARK, S. C. (2000). Work/family border theory: A new theory of work/family balance. Human relations, 53(6), 747-770.
  • DELOITTE. (April 2020). İşin Geleceği: Uzaktan çalışma sisteminde organizasyonel dayanıklılığı korumak. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/Documents/human-capital/isin-gelecegi-uzaktan-calisma-sisteminde-organizasyonel-dayanikliligi-korumak.pdf adresinden alındı
  • DELOITTE. (Nisan 2020). İşin Geleceği: Uzaktan çalışma sisteminde organizasyonel dayanıklılığı korumak. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/Documents/human-capital/isin-gelecegi-uzaktan-calisma-sisteminde-organizasyonel-dayanikliligi-korumak.pdf adresinden alındı
  • DINGEL, J., & NEIMAN, B. (2020). How Many Jobs Can be Done at Home? The National Bureau of Economic Research (26948), 1-18. doi: 10.3386/w26948
  • DUXBURY, L., HIGGINS, C., & LEE, C. (1994). Work-family conflict: A comparison by gender, family type, and perceived control. Journal of family Issues, 15(3), 449-466.
  • ENG, W., MOORE, S., GRUNBERG, L., GREENBERG, E., & SIKORA, P. (2010). What Influences Work-Family Conflict? The Function of Work Support and Working from Home. Curr Psychol, 29, 104-120. doi:10.1007/s12144-010-9075-9
  • FRONE, M. R., RUSSELL, M., & COOPER, M. L. (1992). Antecedents and outcomes of work-family conflict: testing a model of the work-family interface. Journal of applied psychology, 77(1), 65-82.
  • GREENHAUS, J. H., & BEUTELL, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of management review, 10(1), 76-85.
  • GREENHAUS, J. H., COLLINS, K. M., & SHAW, J. D. (2003). The relation between work–family balance and quality of life. Journal of vocational behavior, 63(3), 510-531.
  • GUTEK, B. A., SEARLE, S., & KLEPA, L. (1991). Rational versus gender role explanations for work-family conflict. Journal of applied psychology, 76(4), 560-580.
  • HEGE, A., LEMKE, M. K., APOSTOLOPOULOS, Y., WHITAKER, B., & SÖNMEZ, S. (2019). Work-Life Conflict among U.S. Long-Haul Truck Drivers: Influences of Work Organization, Perceived Job Stress, Sleep, and Organizational Support. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(984), 1-19. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16060984
  • HIRSCHMAN, A. (1970). Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • JHABVALA, R., & TATE, J. (1996). Out of the shadows: homebased workers organize for international recognition. New York: Population Council.
  • KELLY. (1988). The work-at-home revolution. The Futurist, 22(6), 28.
  • KEY, D. S. (2013, August). PhD diss. Work, Life, And Community College Faculty: Understanding Community College Work/Life Balance Issues through Socialization Theory and Academic Discipline. Knoxville, USA: University of Tennessee.
  • LAVINAS, L., SORJ, B., BARSTED, L. L., & JORGE, A. (2001). Home work in Brazil: new contractual arrangements. Cenevre, Switzerland: International Labour Organization.
  • LEONARD, M. (2001). Old wine in new bottles? Women working inside and outside the household. Women's Studies International Forum, 24(1), 67-78.
  • LO, S. (2003). Perceptions of work‐family conflict among married female professionals in Hong Kong. Personnel Review, 32(3), 376-390.
  • MADSEN, S. R. (2003). The effects of home‐based teleworking on work‐family conflict. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 14(1), 35-58.
  • MAJOR, D. A., VERIVE, J. M., & JOICE, W. (2008). Telework as a Dependent Care Solution: Examining Current Practice to Improve Telework Management Strategies. Psychologist-Manager Journal, 11, 65-91. doi:doi.org/10.1080/10887150801967134
  • MARTINEZ-SANCHES, A., PEREZ-PEREZ, M., & VELA-JIMENEZ, M. J. (2007). Telework, Human Resource Flexibility and Firm Performance. New Technology, Work and Employment, 22, 208-223. doi:10.1111/j.1468-005X.2007.00195.
  • MEHROTA, S., & BIGGERI, M. (2002). Social Protection in the Informal Economy: Home Based Women Workers and Outsourced. Florence, Italy: UNICEF.
  • NASWALL, K., HELLGREN, J., & SVERKE, M. (2008). The individual in the changing working life: Introduction. UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • OMARA, M. K., AHMADA, M. F., & ISMAILA, I. S. (2016). Personal Factors and Work-Life Conflict: A Study of a Malaysian Statutory Body. (s. 251-261). 3rd International Conference on Business and Economics. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2016.11.02.24
  • ÖZTÜRKLER, K. (2020, Mayıs 20). Covid-19 sonrası evden çalışma dönemi bitiyor, istediğin yerden çalışma dönemi başlıyor! https://webrazzi.com/: https://webrazzi.com/2020/05/25/covid-19-sonrasi-evden-calisma-donemi-biitiyor-istedigin-yerden-calisma-donemi-basliyor/ adresinden alındı
  • PARK, Y., & JEX, S. M. (2011). Work-home boundary management using communication and information technology. International Journal of Stress Management, 18(2), 133–152. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022759
  • PLECK, J. H., STAINES, G. L., & LANG, L. (1980). Conflicts between work and family life. Monthly Lab. Rev., 29, 103-120.
  • PRATIWI, R. (2019). Fostering Job Satisfaction: The Role of Communication Quality and Colleague Support in Job Involvement. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 14(2), 66-70.
  • QUINN, P. M. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods, 2nd ed. California: Newbury Park.
  • RUBIN, O., NIKOLAEVA, A., NELLO-DEAKIN, S., & te BRÖMMELSTROET, M. (2020). What can we learn from the COVID-19 pandemic about how people experience working from home and commuting? University of Amsterdam: Centre for Urban Studies.
  • SHAMIR, B., & SALOMON, I. (1985). Work-at-Home and the Quality of Working Life. Academy of Management Review, 10(3), 455-464.
  • SMITH, R., KIM, Y.-J., & CARTER, N. (2020). Ultimately, the present research suggests organizations should be aware that many employees may continue to perform work-related behaviors in the nonwork domain and clarify expectations relating to availability after scheduled work hours. Journal of Occupational Health, 1-21. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000181
  • SULLIVAN, C., & LEWIS, S. (2001). Home‐based telework, gender, and the synchronization of work and family: perspectives of teleworkers and their co‐residents. Gender, Work & Organization, 8(2), 123-145.
  • THOMAS, L. T., & GANSTER, D. C. (1995). Impact of family-supportive work variables on work-family conflict and strain: A control perspective. Journal of applied psychology, 80(1).
  • TİRYAKİ, H. (2016, Temmuz). Yeni Bir Esnek Çalışma Modeli: Uzaktan Çalışma. http://www.lebibyalkin.com.tr/: http://www.lebibyalkin.com.tr/mevzuat/makaleler/lebib-yalkin-mevzuat-dergisi_mdergi_/2016-temmuz-say-151_mdergi_8778a-00_/yeni-bir-esnek-calisma-modeli-uzaktan-calisma.html adresinden alındı
  • TREMBLAY, D.-G. (2003). Telework: A New Mode of Gendered Segmentation? Results from a Study in Canada. Canadian Journal of Communicaiton, 28(4), 1-23.
  • TURKSTAT. (2020, Eylül 30). Labor force status of the population. TURKSTAT: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/ adresinden alındı
  • TURKSTAT. (2020, Eylül 30). Labor force status of the population. TURKSTAT: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/ adresinden alındı
  • VOYDANOFF, P. (2005). Consequences of boundary-spanning demands and resources for work-to-family conflict and perceived stress. Journal of occupational health psychology, 10(4), 491-500.
  • WYNN, A. T., & RAO, A. H. (2020). Failures of flexibility: How perceived control motivates the individualization of work–life conflict. ILR Review, 73(1), 61-90.
  • YILDIRIM, A., ŞİMŞEK, H. (2003). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
  • ZHANG, H., CHEN, C., SCHLEGEL, R., & CHEN, K. (2019). Spillover of Authenticity from Work to Home: The Mediating Role of Affect. European Journal of Social Psychology, 50, 1065-1072. DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2658
  • ZOONEN, W. v., SIVUNEN, A., & RICE, R. E. (2020). Boundary communication: how smartphone use after hours is associated with work-life conflict and organizational identification. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 48(3), 372-392. doi:10.1080/00909882.2020.1755050
  • ZUZANEK, J. (2004). Work, leisure, time-pressure and stress. Work and leisure, 137-158.

Ofise Virüs Girdi: Covid-19 Pandemisi Nedeniyle Evden Çalışma Sistemine Geçilmesinin Çalışanların İş-Yaşam Çatışması Yaşamasına Etkileri ve Çözüm Önerileri Üzerine Bir Nitel Araştırma

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 297 - 314, 30.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.836951

Abstract

Covid-19 pandemisi, evden çalışma sistemini zorunlu kılarken bu durum çalışanlar için bazı zorluklar yaratmaktadır. Bu çalışma, pandemi nedeniyle evden çalışma sistemine geçişin çalışanların iş-yaşam çatışmalarına olası etkilerini araştırmak ve çözümler sunmak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma, tam zamanlı ofis çalışanlarının yer aldığı uluslararası bağımsız bir araştırma şirketinin merkezinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılandırılmış görüşme ile farklı yaşam yapılarına sahip 10 kişi ile evde kalan kişi sayısı ve katılımcıların evdeki rollerinin farklılığı dikkate alınarak görüşülmüştür. Görüşme transkriptleri incelendiğinde, Covid-19 pandemisinin iş ve ev yaşamına etkileri, evden çalışma sisteminin etkileri, iş-yaşam çatışması ve pandemi sürecinin duygusal ve psikolojik etkileri olarak 4 ortak tema bulunmuştur. Evden çalışma sisteminin iş-yaşam çatışması yarattığı ve farklı ev yaşamı yapısının durumu etkilediği görülmüştür. İş hayatı çatışmalarının çözümü için bireysel ve yönetsel stratejiler gereklidir.

References

  • AHMADI, M., HELMS, M. M., & ROSS, T. J. (2000). Technological developments: shaping the telecommuting work environment of the future. Facilities Journal, 18(1-2), 83-89. doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/02632770010312204
  • ALLEN, T. D., HERST, D. E., BRUCK, C. S., & SUTTON, M. (2000). Consequences associated with work-to-family conflict: a review and agenda for future research. Journal of occupational health psychology, 5(2), 278-290.
  • ANDERSON, S. E., COFFEY, B. S., & BYERLY, R. T. (2002). Formal organizational initiatives and informal workplace practices: Links to work-family conflict and job-related outcomes. Journal of management, 28(6), 787-810.
  • AZAD, B., SALAMOUN, R., GREENHILL, A., & WOOD-HARPER, T. (2016). Performing projects with constant connectivity: interplay of consulting project work practices and smartphone affordances. New Technology, Work and Employment, 31(1), 4-25.
  • BICK, A., BLANDIN, A., & MERTENS, K. (2020). Work from Home after the COVID-19 Outbreak. Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. doi:https://doi.org/10.24149/wp2017
  • BOSWELL, W. R., & OLSON-BUCHANAN, J. B. (2007). The use of communication technologies after hours: The role of work attitudes and work-life conflict. Journal of Management, 33(4), 592-610.
  • BREESCHOTEN, L. v., & EVERTSSON, M. (2019). When does part-time work relate to less worklife conflict for parents? Moderating influences of workplace support and gender in the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Community, Work & Family, 22(5), 606-628. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2019.1581138
  • BURKE, R. J., & GREENGLASS, E. R. (1999). Work–family conflict, spouse support, and nursing staff well-being during organizational restructuring. Journal of occupational health psychology, 4(4), 327-342.
  • CLARK, S. C. (2000). Work/family border theory: A new theory of work/family balance. Human relations, 53(6), 747-770.
  • DELOITTE. (April 2020). İşin Geleceği: Uzaktan çalışma sisteminde organizasyonel dayanıklılığı korumak. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/Documents/human-capital/isin-gelecegi-uzaktan-calisma-sisteminde-organizasyonel-dayanikliligi-korumak.pdf adresinden alındı
  • DELOITTE. (Nisan 2020). İşin Geleceği: Uzaktan çalışma sisteminde organizasyonel dayanıklılığı korumak. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/Documents/human-capital/isin-gelecegi-uzaktan-calisma-sisteminde-organizasyonel-dayanikliligi-korumak.pdf adresinden alındı
  • DINGEL, J., & NEIMAN, B. (2020). How Many Jobs Can be Done at Home? The National Bureau of Economic Research (26948), 1-18. doi: 10.3386/w26948
  • DUXBURY, L., HIGGINS, C., & LEE, C. (1994). Work-family conflict: A comparison by gender, family type, and perceived control. Journal of family Issues, 15(3), 449-466.
  • ENG, W., MOORE, S., GRUNBERG, L., GREENBERG, E., & SIKORA, P. (2010). What Influences Work-Family Conflict? The Function of Work Support and Working from Home. Curr Psychol, 29, 104-120. doi:10.1007/s12144-010-9075-9
  • FRONE, M. R., RUSSELL, M., & COOPER, M. L. (1992). Antecedents and outcomes of work-family conflict: testing a model of the work-family interface. Journal of applied psychology, 77(1), 65-82.
  • GREENHAUS, J. H., & BEUTELL, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of management review, 10(1), 76-85.
  • GREENHAUS, J. H., COLLINS, K. M., & SHAW, J. D. (2003). The relation between work–family balance and quality of life. Journal of vocational behavior, 63(3), 510-531.
  • GUTEK, B. A., SEARLE, S., & KLEPA, L. (1991). Rational versus gender role explanations for work-family conflict. Journal of applied psychology, 76(4), 560-580.
  • HEGE, A., LEMKE, M. K., APOSTOLOPOULOS, Y., WHITAKER, B., & SÖNMEZ, S. (2019). Work-Life Conflict among U.S. Long-Haul Truck Drivers: Influences of Work Organization, Perceived Job Stress, Sleep, and Organizational Support. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(984), 1-19. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16060984
  • HIRSCHMAN, A. (1970). Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • JHABVALA, R., & TATE, J. (1996). Out of the shadows: homebased workers organize for international recognition. New York: Population Council.
  • KELLY. (1988). The work-at-home revolution. The Futurist, 22(6), 28.
  • KEY, D. S. (2013, August). PhD diss. Work, Life, And Community College Faculty: Understanding Community College Work/Life Balance Issues through Socialization Theory and Academic Discipline. Knoxville, USA: University of Tennessee.
  • LAVINAS, L., SORJ, B., BARSTED, L. L., & JORGE, A. (2001). Home work in Brazil: new contractual arrangements. Cenevre, Switzerland: International Labour Organization.
  • LEONARD, M. (2001). Old wine in new bottles? Women working inside and outside the household. Women's Studies International Forum, 24(1), 67-78.
  • LO, S. (2003). Perceptions of work‐family conflict among married female professionals in Hong Kong. Personnel Review, 32(3), 376-390.
  • MADSEN, S. R. (2003). The effects of home‐based teleworking on work‐family conflict. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 14(1), 35-58.
  • MAJOR, D. A., VERIVE, J. M., & JOICE, W. (2008). Telework as a Dependent Care Solution: Examining Current Practice to Improve Telework Management Strategies. Psychologist-Manager Journal, 11, 65-91. doi:doi.org/10.1080/10887150801967134
  • MARTINEZ-SANCHES, A., PEREZ-PEREZ, M., & VELA-JIMENEZ, M. J. (2007). Telework, Human Resource Flexibility and Firm Performance. New Technology, Work and Employment, 22, 208-223. doi:10.1111/j.1468-005X.2007.00195.
  • MEHROTA, S., & BIGGERI, M. (2002). Social Protection in the Informal Economy: Home Based Women Workers and Outsourced. Florence, Italy: UNICEF.
  • NASWALL, K., HELLGREN, J., & SVERKE, M. (2008). The individual in the changing working life: Introduction. UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • OMARA, M. K., AHMADA, M. F., & ISMAILA, I. S. (2016). Personal Factors and Work-Life Conflict: A Study of a Malaysian Statutory Body. (s. 251-261). 3rd International Conference on Business and Economics. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2016.11.02.24
  • ÖZTÜRKLER, K. (2020, Mayıs 20). Covid-19 sonrası evden çalışma dönemi bitiyor, istediğin yerden çalışma dönemi başlıyor! https://webrazzi.com/: https://webrazzi.com/2020/05/25/covid-19-sonrasi-evden-calisma-donemi-biitiyor-istedigin-yerden-calisma-donemi-basliyor/ adresinden alındı
  • PARK, Y., & JEX, S. M. (2011). Work-home boundary management using communication and information technology. International Journal of Stress Management, 18(2), 133–152. doi:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022759
  • PLECK, J. H., STAINES, G. L., & LANG, L. (1980). Conflicts between work and family life. Monthly Lab. Rev., 29, 103-120.
  • PRATIWI, R. (2019). Fostering Job Satisfaction: The Role of Communication Quality and Colleague Support in Job Involvement. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 14(2), 66-70.
  • QUINN, P. M. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods, 2nd ed. California: Newbury Park.
  • RUBIN, O., NIKOLAEVA, A., NELLO-DEAKIN, S., & te BRÖMMELSTROET, M. (2020). What can we learn from the COVID-19 pandemic about how people experience working from home and commuting? University of Amsterdam: Centre for Urban Studies.
  • SHAMIR, B., & SALOMON, I. (1985). Work-at-Home and the Quality of Working Life. Academy of Management Review, 10(3), 455-464.
  • SMITH, R., KIM, Y.-J., & CARTER, N. (2020). Ultimately, the present research suggests organizations should be aware that many employees may continue to perform work-related behaviors in the nonwork domain and clarify expectations relating to availability after scheduled work hours. Journal of Occupational Health, 1-21. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000181
  • SULLIVAN, C., & LEWIS, S. (2001). Home‐based telework, gender, and the synchronization of work and family: perspectives of teleworkers and their co‐residents. Gender, Work & Organization, 8(2), 123-145.
  • THOMAS, L. T., & GANSTER, D. C. (1995). Impact of family-supportive work variables on work-family conflict and strain: A control perspective. Journal of applied psychology, 80(1).
  • TİRYAKİ, H. (2016, Temmuz). Yeni Bir Esnek Çalışma Modeli: Uzaktan Çalışma. http://www.lebibyalkin.com.tr/: http://www.lebibyalkin.com.tr/mevzuat/makaleler/lebib-yalkin-mevzuat-dergisi_mdergi_/2016-temmuz-say-151_mdergi_8778a-00_/yeni-bir-esnek-calisma-modeli-uzaktan-calisma.html adresinden alındı
  • TREMBLAY, D.-G. (2003). Telework: A New Mode of Gendered Segmentation? Results from a Study in Canada. Canadian Journal of Communicaiton, 28(4), 1-23.
  • TURKSTAT. (2020, Eylül 30). Labor force status of the population. TURKSTAT: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/ adresinden alındı
  • TURKSTAT. (2020, Eylül 30). Labor force status of the population. TURKSTAT: http://www.tuik.gov.tr/ adresinden alındı
  • VOYDANOFF, P. (2005). Consequences of boundary-spanning demands and resources for work-to-family conflict and perceived stress. Journal of occupational health psychology, 10(4), 491-500.
  • WYNN, A. T., & RAO, A. H. (2020). Failures of flexibility: How perceived control motivates the individualization of work–life conflict. ILR Review, 73(1), 61-90.
  • YILDIRIM, A., ŞİMŞEK, H. (2003). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
  • ZHANG, H., CHEN, C., SCHLEGEL, R., & CHEN, K. (2019). Spillover of Authenticity from Work to Home: The Mediating Role of Affect. European Journal of Social Psychology, 50, 1065-1072. DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2658
  • ZOONEN, W. v., SIVUNEN, A., & RICE, R. E. (2020). Boundary communication: how smartphone use after hours is associated with work-life conflict and organizational identification. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 48(3), 372-392. doi:10.1080/00909882.2020.1755050
  • ZUZANEK, J. (2004). Work, leisure, time-pressure and stress. Work and leisure, 137-158.
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nazlı Yüceol 0000-0001-8416-5707

Ceylan Merve Binici 0000-0002-7672-5185

Early Pub Date October 30, 2022
Publication Date October 30, 2022
Acceptance Date May 19, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yüceol, N., & Binici, C. M. (2022). Virus in the Office: Effects of Transition to Work from Home System Due to Covid-19 Pandemic on Employees Work-Life Conflict and a Qualitative Research on Resolutions. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(2), 297-314. https://doi.org/10.17336/igusbd.836951

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