Research Article
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Multi System Level Driving Scenarious Based Topology Optimization of Bracket Design for 2 DoF Vehicle Simulator

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 248 - 258, 30.09.2023

Bora Demirci Uğur Demir Gazi Akgün Alper Yıldırım Caner Akuner

https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1244113

Abstract

This article presents a topology optimization of the motor mounting bracket in a 2-degree-of-freedom (2 DoF) vehicle simulator that is enhanced by the driving scenari-os. Firstly, a 14 DoF passenger reference application model is determined in the Sim-ulink environment. Then, common driving scenarios (Constant Radius, Double Lane Change, Fishhook, Increasing Steer, Sine with Dwell and Swept Sine) are run on 14 DoF vehicle models to test the dynamic performance of the vehicle. During the anal-ysis, accelerations in the XYZ axes are logged, and the minimum and maximum ac-celeration values on each axis are grouped separately for each driving scenario. Next, the concept design of 2 DoF vehicle simulators is created. The obtained accelerations from the driving scenarios are then run on 2 DoF vehicle simulator in the Solidworks simulation environment, and stress and deformation on the 2 DoF vehicle simulator are analyzed. During this analysis, linear actuator and axis forces are calculated ac-cording to the reaction forces on the vehicle simulator. Under the determined axial forces, the brackets are subjected to topology optimization. The obtained generative design of the bracket is reshaped by post-processing for sustainable production. The shape-optimized bracket is run again on the 2 DoF vehicle simulator with the ob-tained acceleration values from the driving scenarios, and the study is completed by performing stress and deformation analysis.

Keywords

Generative design topology optimization dynamic analysis driving scenarios

Supporting Institution

Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Commission

Project Number

FYL- 2022-10537

Thanks

This work was supported by Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Commission (Project No: FYL- 2022-10537).

References

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  • [2] Reddy GN. An EV-simulator for Electric Vehicle Education. International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED) 2009; 131-137. doi: 10.1109/ICEED.2009.5490597.
  • [3] Peng J, Zhenjun S. Improvement of driving simulator for real-time vehicle dynamic collision simulation. 2nd IEEE Interna-tional Conference on Computer Science and Information Tech-nology 2009; 590-593. doi: 10.1109/ICCSIT.2009.5234631.
  • [4] Zhao Y, et al. Integrated Traffic-Driving-Networking Simulator: A Unique R&D Tool for Connected Vehicles. International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo (ICCVE) 2012; 203-204. doi: 10.1109/ICCVE.2012.45.
  • [5] Weiss E, Gerdes JC. High Speed Emulation in a Vehicle-in-the-Loop Driving Simulator. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehi-cles 2022; doi: 10.1109/TIV.2022.3162549.
  • [6] Jianjun H, Hehong G, Zhelong W. Solving the forward kine-matics problem of six-DOF Stewart platform using multi-task Gaussian process. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 2013; 227: 161-169. doi: 10.1177/0954406212444508.
  • [7] Kim KD, Kim MS, Moon YG, Lee MC. Application of Vehicle Driving simulator Using New Washout Algorithm and Robust Control. SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference 2006; 2121-2126. doi: 10.1109/SICE.2006.315563.
  • [8] Kulothungan S, Anirudh RV, Sivashankar K, Dash AK. Design and Development of a Vehicle Dynamics Model for a Drive Simulator.3rd International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES) 2018; 153-156. doi: 10.1109/CESYS.2018.8723987.
  • [9] Shuxian X, Linxuan Z. Simulating driving feel for virtual driv-ing simulator based on semi-physical simulation. 34th Chinese Control Conference (CCC) 2015; 8882-8887. doi: 10.1109/ChiCC.2015.7261043.
  • [10] Patel Y, George P. Parallel Manipulators Applications—A Survey. Modern Mechanical Engineering 2012; 2(3):57-64. doi: 10.4236/mme.2012.23008.
  • [11] Hernández A, Urízar M, Macho E, Petuya V. Parallel Manipulators: Practical Applications and Kinematic Design Cri-teria. Towards the Modular Reconfigurable Robots. Mecha-nisms, Transmissions and Applications. Mechanisms and Ma-chine Science 2017; 52. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60702-3_14
  • [12] Gökdağ İ, Acar E. Application of a modular topology optimization framework to an aerospace bracket design. Mate-rials Testing 2022; 64(7): 1090-1102. doi: 10.1515/mt-2021-2148
  • [13] Arıcı BB, Armağan A, Yılmaz M, Serap G, Yücel SC. Microstructural and mechanical properties of friction and MIAB welded carbon steel tubes and forging bracket joints. Materials Testing 2018; 60(3): 273-282. doi:10.3139/120.111144
  • [14] Korkmaz FF, Subran M, Yıldız AR. Optimal design of aerospace structures using recent meta-heuristic algorithms. Ma-terials Testing 2021; 63(11): 1025-1031. doi:10.1515/mt-2021-0024
  • [15] Liu XJ, Wang QM, Wang J. Kinematics, dynamics and dimensional synthesis of a novel 2-DoF translational manipula-tor. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 2005; 41(4): 205–224. doi: 10.1007/s10846-005-3507-z.
  • [16] Zhao TS, Huang Z. A Novel Three-DOF Translational Platform. Mechanism and its Kinematics 2000; 517–522. doi: 10.1115/DETC2000/MECH-14101.
  • [17] Ganesh SS, Rao ABK. Kinematic and Dynamic Optimi-zation of a 2-DOF Parallel Kinematic Mechanism. Procedia Comput. Sci. 2018; 133: 576–584. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2018.07.086.
  • [18] Karlsson A. Test Procedures and Evaluation Tools for Passenger Vehicle Dynamics. Computer Science. 2014.
  • [19] SAE International. J266: Steady-State Directional Con-trol Test Procedures for Passenger Cars and Light Trucks 2018;4970(724)
  • [20] ISO 3833:1977 - Road vehicles — Types — Terms and definitions., 2022.
  • [21] Bosch Automotive Handbook, 9th Edition. 2014. doi: 10.4271/0768081521.
  • [22] Rozvany GIN, Zhou M, Birker T. Generalized shape optimization without homogenization. Struct. Optim. 1992; 4(3-4): 250–252. doi: 10.1007/bf01742754.
  • [23] Bendsoe P, Kikuchi N. Generating optimal topologies in structural design using a homogenization method. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 1988; 71(2): 197–224. doi: 10.1016/0045-7825(88)90086-2.
  • [24] Isik M, et al. Topology Optimization and Manufacturing of Engine Bracket using Electron Beam Melting. J. Addit. Man-uf. Technol. 2021.
  • [25] Shi G, Guan C, Quan D, Wu D, Tang L, Gao T. An aero-space bracket designed by thermo-elastic topology optimization and manufactured by additive manufacturing. Chinese J. Aero-naut. 2020;33(4): 1252–1259. doi: 10.1016/j.cja.2019.09.006.
  • [26] Chen Y, et al. Topology optimization design and exper-imental research of a 3d-printed metal aerospace bracket con-sidering fatigue performance. Appl. Sci. 2021; 11(15). doi: 10.3390/app11156671.

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 248 - 258, 30.09.2023

Bora Demirci Uğur Demir Gazi Akgün Alper Yıldırım Caner Akuner

https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1244113

Abstract

Keywords

Generative design; topology optimization; dynamic analysis; driving scenarios Generative design topology optimization dynamic analysis driving scenarios

Project Number

FYL- 2022-10537

References

  • [1] Bang KH. Development of dynamics modeling in the vehicle simulator for road safety analysis. SICE Annual Conference 2007; 649-653. doi: 10.1109/SICE.2007.4421062.
  • [2] Reddy GN. An EV-simulator for Electric Vehicle Education. International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED) 2009; 131-137. doi: 10.1109/ICEED.2009.5490597.
  • [3] Peng J, Zhenjun S. Improvement of driving simulator for real-time vehicle dynamic collision simulation. 2nd IEEE Interna-tional Conference on Computer Science and Information Tech-nology 2009; 590-593. doi: 10.1109/ICCSIT.2009.5234631.
  • [4] Zhao Y, et al. Integrated Traffic-Driving-Networking Simulator: A Unique R&D Tool for Connected Vehicles. International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo (ICCVE) 2012; 203-204. doi: 10.1109/ICCVE.2012.45.
  • [5] Weiss E, Gerdes JC. High Speed Emulation in a Vehicle-in-the-Loop Driving Simulator. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehi-cles 2022; doi: 10.1109/TIV.2022.3162549.
  • [6] Jianjun H, Hehong G, Zhelong W. Solving the forward kine-matics problem of six-DOF Stewart platform using multi-task Gaussian process. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 2013; 227: 161-169. doi: 10.1177/0954406212444508.
  • [7] Kim KD, Kim MS, Moon YG, Lee MC. Application of Vehicle Driving simulator Using New Washout Algorithm and Robust Control. SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference 2006; 2121-2126. doi: 10.1109/SICE.2006.315563.
  • [8] Kulothungan S, Anirudh RV, Sivashankar K, Dash AK. Design and Development of a Vehicle Dynamics Model for a Drive Simulator.3rd International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES) 2018; 153-156. doi: 10.1109/CESYS.2018.8723987.
  • [9] Shuxian X, Linxuan Z. Simulating driving feel for virtual driv-ing simulator based on semi-physical simulation. 34th Chinese Control Conference (CCC) 2015; 8882-8887. doi: 10.1109/ChiCC.2015.7261043.
  • [10] Patel Y, George P. Parallel Manipulators Applications—A Survey. Modern Mechanical Engineering 2012; 2(3):57-64. doi: 10.4236/mme.2012.23008.
  • [11] Hernández A, Urízar M, Macho E, Petuya V. Parallel Manipulators: Practical Applications and Kinematic Design Cri-teria. Towards the Modular Reconfigurable Robots. Mecha-nisms, Transmissions and Applications. Mechanisms and Ma-chine Science 2017; 52. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60702-3_14
  • [12] Gökdağ İ, Acar E. Application of a modular topology optimization framework to an aerospace bracket design. Mate-rials Testing 2022; 64(7): 1090-1102. doi: 10.1515/mt-2021-2148
  • [13] Arıcı BB, Armağan A, Yılmaz M, Serap G, Yücel SC. Microstructural and mechanical properties of friction and MIAB welded carbon steel tubes and forging bracket joints. Materials Testing 2018; 60(3): 273-282. doi:10.3139/120.111144
  • [14] Korkmaz FF, Subran M, Yıldız AR. Optimal design of aerospace structures using recent meta-heuristic algorithms. Ma-terials Testing 2021; 63(11): 1025-1031. doi:10.1515/mt-2021-0024
  • [15] Liu XJ, Wang QM, Wang J. Kinematics, dynamics and dimensional synthesis of a novel 2-DoF translational manipula-tor. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 2005; 41(4): 205–224. doi: 10.1007/s10846-005-3507-z.
  • [16] Zhao TS, Huang Z. A Novel Three-DOF Translational Platform. Mechanism and its Kinematics 2000; 517–522. doi: 10.1115/DETC2000/MECH-14101.
  • [17] Ganesh SS, Rao ABK. Kinematic and Dynamic Optimi-zation of a 2-DOF Parallel Kinematic Mechanism. Procedia Comput. Sci. 2018; 133: 576–584. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2018.07.086.
  • [18] Karlsson A. Test Procedures and Evaluation Tools for Passenger Vehicle Dynamics. Computer Science. 2014.
  • [19] SAE International. J266: Steady-State Directional Con-trol Test Procedures for Passenger Cars and Light Trucks 2018;4970(724)
  • [20] ISO 3833:1977 - Road vehicles — Types — Terms and definitions., 2022.
  • [21] Bosch Automotive Handbook, 9th Edition. 2014. doi: 10.4271/0768081521.
  • [22] Rozvany GIN, Zhou M, Birker T. Generalized shape optimization without homogenization. Struct. Optim. 1992; 4(3-4): 250–252. doi: 10.1007/bf01742754.
  • [23] Bendsoe P, Kikuchi N. Generating optimal topologies in structural design using a homogenization method. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 1988; 71(2): 197–224. doi: 10.1016/0045-7825(88)90086-2.
  • [24] Isik M, et al. Topology Optimization and Manufacturing of Engine Bracket using Electron Beam Melting. J. Addit. Man-uf. Technol. 2021.
  • [25] Shi G, Guan C, Quan D, Wu D, Tang L, Gao T. An aero-space bracket designed by thermo-elastic topology optimization and manufactured by additive manufacturing. Chinese J. Aero-naut. 2020;33(4): 1252–1259. doi: 10.1016/j.cja.2019.09.006.
  • [26] Chen Y, et al. Topology optimization design and exper-imental research of a 3d-printed metal aerospace bracket con-sidering fatigue performance. Appl. Sci. 2021; 11(15). doi: 10.3390/app11156671.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Bora Demirci This is me 0000-0001-9851-2829

Uğur Demir 0000-0001-7557-3637

Gazi Akgün 0000-0002-8154-5883

Alper Yıldırım 0000-0003-4814-5033

Caner Akuner 0000-0001-8397-3454

Project Number FYL- 2022-10537
Publication Date September 30, 2023
Submission Date January 30, 2023
Acceptance Date June 23, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Demirci, B., Demir, U., Akgün, G., Yıldırım, A., et al. (2023). Multi System Level Driving Scenarious Based Topology Optimization of Bracket Design for 2 DoF Vehicle Simulator. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, 7(3), 248-258. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1244113
AMA Demirci B, Demir U, Akgün G, Yıldırım A, Akuner C. Multi System Level Driving Scenarious Based Topology Optimization of Bracket Design for 2 DoF Vehicle Simulator. ijastech. September 2023;7(3):248-258. doi:10.30939/ijastech.1244113
Chicago Demirci, Bora, Uğur Demir, Gazi Akgün, Alper Yıldırım, and Caner Akuner. “Multi System Level Driving Scenarious Based Topology Optimization of Bracket Design for 2 DoF Vehicle Simulator”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 7, no. 3 (September 2023): 248-58. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1244113.
EndNote Demirci B, Demir U, Akgün G, Yıldırım A, Akuner C (September 1, 2023) Multi System Level Driving Scenarious Based Topology Optimization of Bracket Design for 2 DoF Vehicle Simulator. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 7 3 248–258.
IEEE B. Demirci, U. Demir, G. Akgün, A. Yıldırım, and C. Akuner, “Multi System Level Driving Scenarious Based Topology Optimization of Bracket Design for 2 DoF Vehicle Simulator”, ijastech, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 248–258, 2023, doi: 10.30939/ijastech..1244113.
ISNAD Demirci, Bora et al. “Multi System Level Driving Scenarious Based Topology Optimization of Bracket Design for 2 DoF Vehicle Simulator”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 7/3 (September 2023), 248-258. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1244113.
JAMA Demirci B, Demir U, Akgün G, Yıldırım A, Akuner C. Multi System Level Driving Scenarious Based Topology Optimization of Bracket Design for 2 DoF Vehicle Simulator. ijastech. 2023;7:248–258.
MLA Demirci, Bora et al. “Multi System Level Driving Scenarious Based Topology Optimization of Bracket Design for 2 DoF Vehicle Simulator”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, vol. 7, no. 3, 2023, pp. 248-5, doi:10.30939/ijastech. 1244113.
Vancouver Demirci B, Demir U, Akgün G, Yıldırım A, Akuner C. Multi System Level Driving Scenarious Based Topology Optimization of Bracket Design for 2 DoF Vehicle Simulator. ijastech. 2023;7(3):248-5.


International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology (IJASTECH) is published by Society of Automotive Engineers Turkey

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