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A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters

Year 2021, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 83 - 89, 30.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.741261

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the level of the safety culture of firefighters and the factors that affect the safety culture, and to find out the answers to the questions on which areas the safety of firefighters can be developed, and what can be done in these areas. In this study, the safety culture questionnaire developed by S. Williams in 2007 as a measurement tool is applied to 209 fire brigades, and the safety culture level of the participants is determined by statistical analysis. In order to determine the significance level of the relationship between the participants' responses to the safety culture questionnaire and the determined 11 hypotheses, the chi-square test is used, and the results are analyzed under three categories. As a result, a significant difference is found between the safety culture of firefighters, their education levels and occupational accidents. There is also a significant difference between the firefighters' accident situations and their ranks.

References

  • [1] Cooper Ph. D, M. D. (2000). Towards a model of safety culture. Safety science, 36(2), 111-136.
  • [2] Mearns, K. J., & Flin, R. (1999). Assessing the state of organizational safety—culture or climate?. Current Psychology, 18(1), 5-17.
  • [3] Sexton, J. B., Helmreich, R. L., Neilands, T. B., Rowan, K., Vella, K., Boyden, J., ... & Thomas, E. J. (2006). The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire: psychometric properties, benchmarking data, and emerging research. BMC health services research, 6(1), 44.
  • [4] Wiegmann, D. A., Zhang, H., von Thaden, T., Sharma, G., & Mitchell, A. (2002). A synthesis of safety culture and safety climate research. Aviation Research Lab, University of Illinois, Illinois, United States. p. 1-20.
  • [5] Patankar, M. ve Sabin, E. (2010), “The Safety Vulture Perspective”, In E. Salas and D. Maurino (Eds.) Human Factors in Aviation, Second Edition. Chennai, India: Elsevier. s 99–101.
  • [6] Williams, A. (2007). Safety Culture Within the Anne Arundel County Fire Department. United States Fire Administration. Retrieved from http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/nfa/efop/applied_research/abstracts/tr_06aw.shtm. Retrieved on september 20, 2017.
  • [7] Szubert, Z. & Sobala, W. (2002). Work-Related Injuries Among Firefighters: Sites and Circumstances of their Occurrence. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 15, 1, 49-55.
  • [8] DeJoy, D. M., Smith, T. D., & Dyal, M. A. (2017). Safety climate and firefighting: Focus group results. Journal of Safety Research, 62, 107–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2017.06.011
  • [9] Moore-Merrell, L., Zhou, A., McDonald-Valentine, S., Goldstein, R., & Slocum, C. (2008). Contributing Factors To Firefighter Line-Of-Duty Injury In Metropolitan Fire Departments in the United States. United States Fire Association.
  • [10] Young, P. (2001). The UK Approach to Firefighter Safety in Structure Fires. Fire Engineers Journal.
  • [11] Clarke, S. (1999). Perceptions of organizational safety: implications for the development of safety culture. Journal of organizational Behavior, 185-198.
  • [12] Parker, D., Lawrie, M., & Hudson, P. (2006). A framework for understanding the development of organisational safety culture. Safety science, 44(6), 551-562.
  • [13] Pessemier, W. L., & England, R. E. (2012). Safety culture in the US fire service: An empirical definition. International Journal of Emergency Services, 1(1), 10–28. https://doi.org/10.1108/20470891211239290
  • [14] Smith, T. D., DeJoy, D. M., Dyal, M. A., Pu, Y., & Dickinson, S. (2019). Multi-level safety climate associations with safety behaviors in the fire service. Journal of Safety Research, 69, 53–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2019.02.005
  • [15] Smith, T. D., Eldridge, F., & DeJoy, D. M. (2016). Safety-specific transformational and passive leadership influences on firefighter safety climate perceptions and safety behavior outcomes. Safety Science, 86, 92–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2016.02.019
  • [16] Richardson, K. (2008). Evaluating the Organizational Culture Within The Coppell Fire Department. National Fire Academy. Retrieved from http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/pdf/efop/efo41578.pdf. Retrieved on september 20, 2017.
  • [17] Walton, S., Conrad, K., Furner, S., Samo, D. (2003). Cause, Type, and Workers’ Compensation Costs of Injury to Fire Fighters. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 43:454-458. [18] Welbourne, J. & Booth-Butterfield, S. (2005). Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and a Stage Model of Persuasion to Evaluate a Safety Message for Firefighters. Health Communication, 18(2), 141-154. doi:10.1207/s15327027hc1802_3
  • [19] Windham, R. (2005). A Baseline Measurement of The Woodlands Fire Department’s Safety Culture. Retrieved from http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/pdf/efop/efo38332.pdf, Retrieved on September 5, 2017.
  • [20] Zopcuk, O. (2015) İşletmelerde Güvenlik Kültürünün Ölçümü: Küçük Ve Büyük Ölçekli Tekstil Ve Metal İşyerleri Uygulaması. İş Sağlığı Ve Güvenliği Uzmanlık Tezi Çalışma Ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı İş Sağlığı Ve Güvenliği Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • [21] Dursun S. (2011). Güvenlik Kültürünün Güvenlik Performansı Üzerine Etkisine Yönelik Bir Uygulama. Doktora Tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi \ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü [22] Lee, T., and Harrison, K. (2000). Assessing safety culture in nuclear power stations. Safety Science, 34, 61 – 97.
  • [23] Freaney, C. (2011). Safety Culture and Safety Behaviors Among Firefighters (Doctoral dissertation). The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=2043&context=utk_graddiss
  • [24] Kjestveit, K., Tharaldsen, J., & Holte, K. A. (2011). Young and strong: what influences injury rates within building and construction?. Safety Science Monitor, 15(2), 1-15. [25] Smith, A. P. ve Wadsworth E.J.K (2009) “Safety Culture, Advice and Performance”. Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • [26] Basha, S.A. & Maiti, J. (2013). Relationship of demographic factors job risk perception and work injury in steel plants in India. Safety Science, Vol. 51, pp. 374-381.
  • [27] Kouabenan, D.M., Nguetsa, R. & Mbaye, S. (2015). Safety climate, perceived risk and involvement in safety management. Safety Science, Vol. 77, pp. 71-79.
  • [28] Budakoğlu, I. İ., Bakar, C., Atlı, K., & Akgün, S. (2015). TC Devlet Demir Yolları Behiç Bey Fabrikalarında Çalışan İşçilerde İş Kazaları Sıklığı Ve Bazı Risk Faktörleri. Mesleki Sağlık ve Güvenlik Dergisi (MSG), 8(29).
  • [29] Camkurt, M. Z. (2007) İşyeri Çalışma Sistemi ve İşyeri Fiziksel Faktörlerinin İş Kazaları Üzerindeki Etkisi, TÜHİS İş Hukuku ve İktisat Dergisi, Cilt:20, Sayı:6, Cilt:21, Sayı:1, Ankara,
  • [30] Yaşar, A. (2010). Sakarya’da Bir İnşaat Sahasında Çalışan İşçilerin Çalışma Koşulları ile İş Kazaları Geçirme Durumları ve İlişkili Etmenler, Gazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İşçi Sağlığı ve İş Güvenliği Ana Bilim Dalı, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisan Tezi, Ankara.
  • [31] Choudhry, R. M., Fang, D., & Mohamed, S. (2007). The nature of safety culture: A survey of the state-of-the-art. Safety science, 45(10), 993-1012.
  • [32] Lee, T. R. (1996). Perceptions, attitudes and behaviour: the vital elements of a safety culture. Health and Safety, 10, 1-15.
  • [33] Guldenmund, F.W. (2000). The nature of safety culture: a review of theory and research. Safety Science, 34, 215-257.
  • [34] Pronovost, P., & Sexton, B. (2005). Assessing safety culture: guidelines and recommendations, Quality and Safety in Health Care, Vol.14, pp. 231-233.
  • [35] Von Thaden, Terry L. ve Gibbons, A.M. (2008). The Safety Culture Indicator Scale Measurement System (SCISMS). Human Factors Division Institute of Aviation University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1 Airport Road Savoy, Illinois 618747
  • [36] Wiegmann, D. A., von Thaden, T. L., & Gibbons, A. M. (2007). A review of safety culture theory and its potential application to traffic safety. Improving Traffic Safety Culture in the United States, 113. s 6-7

Güvenlik Kültürü Üzerine Bir Araştırma: İtfaiyeciler

Year 2021, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 83 - 89, 30.01.2021
https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.741261

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, itfaiyecilerin güvenlik kültürünü ve güvenlik kültürü düzeyini etkileyen faktörleri araştırmak ve itfaiyecilerin güvenliğinin hangi alanlarda geliştirilebileceği ve bu alanlarda neler yapılabileceği sorularının cevaplarını bulmaktır. Bu çalışmada, 2007 yılında S. Williams tarafından bir ölçme aracı olarak geliştirilen güvenlik kültürü anketi, 209 itfaiyeciye uygulanmış ve katılımcıların güvenlik kültürü düzeyi istatistiksel olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların güvenlik kültürü anketine verdiği yanıtlar ile belirlenen 11 hipotez arasındaki ilişkinin önem düzeyini belirlemek için ki-kare testi kullanılmış ve sonuçlar üç kategori altında analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, itfaiyecilerin güvenlik kültürü ile eğitim düzeyleri ve iş kazaları arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu bulunmuştur. İtfaiyecilerin kaza durumları ile rütbeleri arasında da önemli bir fark olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

References

  • [1] Cooper Ph. D, M. D. (2000). Towards a model of safety culture. Safety science, 36(2), 111-136.
  • [2] Mearns, K. J., & Flin, R. (1999). Assessing the state of organizational safety—culture or climate?. Current Psychology, 18(1), 5-17.
  • [3] Sexton, J. B., Helmreich, R. L., Neilands, T. B., Rowan, K., Vella, K., Boyden, J., ... & Thomas, E. J. (2006). The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire: psychometric properties, benchmarking data, and emerging research. BMC health services research, 6(1), 44.
  • [4] Wiegmann, D. A., Zhang, H., von Thaden, T., Sharma, G., & Mitchell, A. (2002). A synthesis of safety culture and safety climate research. Aviation Research Lab, University of Illinois, Illinois, United States. p. 1-20.
  • [5] Patankar, M. ve Sabin, E. (2010), “The Safety Vulture Perspective”, In E. Salas and D. Maurino (Eds.) Human Factors in Aviation, Second Edition. Chennai, India: Elsevier. s 99–101.
  • [6] Williams, A. (2007). Safety Culture Within the Anne Arundel County Fire Department. United States Fire Administration. Retrieved from http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/nfa/efop/applied_research/abstracts/tr_06aw.shtm. Retrieved on september 20, 2017.
  • [7] Szubert, Z. & Sobala, W. (2002). Work-Related Injuries Among Firefighters: Sites and Circumstances of their Occurrence. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 15, 1, 49-55.
  • [8] DeJoy, D. M., Smith, T. D., & Dyal, M. A. (2017). Safety climate and firefighting: Focus group results. Journal of Safety Research, 62, 107–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2017.06.011
  • [9] Moore-Merrell, L., Zhou, A., McDonald-Valentine, S., Goldstein, R., & Slocum, C. (2008). Contributing Factors To Firefighter Line-Of-Duty Injury In Metropolitan Fire Departments in the United States. United States Fire Association.
  • [10] Young, P. (2001). The UK Approach to Firefighter Safety in Structure Fires. Fire Engineers Journal.
  • [11] Clarke, S. (1999). Perceptions of organizational safety: implications for the development of safety culture. Journal of organizational Behavior, 185-198.
  • [12] Parker, D., Lawrie, M., & Hudson, P. (2006). A framework for understanding the development of organisational safety culture. Safety science, 44(6), 551-562.
  • [13] Pessemier, W. L., & England, R. E. (2012). Safety culture in the US fire service: An empirical definition. International Journal of Emergency Services, 1(1), 10–28. https://doi.org/10.1108/20470891211239290
  • [14] Smith, T. D., DeJoy, D. M., Dyal, M. A., Pu, Y., & Dickinson, S. (2019). Multi-level safety climate associations with safety behaviors in the fire service. Journal of Safety Research, 69, 53–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2019.02.005
  • [15] Smith, T. D., Eldridge, F., & DeJoy, D. M. (2016). Safety-specific transformational and passive leadership influences on firefighter safety climate perceptions and safety behavior outcomes. Safety Science, 86, 92–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2016.02.019
  • [16] Richardson, K. (2008). Evaluating the Organizational Culture Within The Coppell Fire Department. National Fire Academy. Retrieved from http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/pdf/efop/efo41578.pdf. Retrieved on september 20, 2017.
  • [17] Walton, S., Conrad, K., Furner, S., Samo, D. (2003). Cause, Type, and Workers’ Compensation Costs of Injury to Fire Fighters. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 43:454-458. [18] Welbourne, J. & Booth-Butterfield, S. (2005). Using the Theory of Planned Behavior and a Stage Model of Persuasion to Evaluate a Safety Message for Firefighters. Health Communication, 18(2), 141-154. doi:10.1207/s15327027hc1802_3
  • [19] Windham, R. (2005). A Baseline Measurement of The Woodlands Fire Department’s Safety Culture. Retrieved from http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/pdf/efop/efo38332.pdf, Retrieved on September 5, 2017.
  • [20] Zopcuk, O. (2015) İşletmelerde Güvenlik Kültürünün Ölçümü: Küçük Ve Büyük Ölçekli Tekstil Ve Metal İşyerleri Uygulaması. İş Sağlığı Ve Güvenliği Uzmanlık Tezi Çalışma Ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı İş Sağlığı Ve Güvenliği Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • [21] Dursun S. (2011). Güvenlik Kültürünün Güvenlik Performansı Üzerine Etkisine Yönelik Bir Uygulama. Doktora Tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi \ Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü [22] Lee, T., and Harrison, K. (2000). Assessing safety culture in nuclear power stations. Safety Science, 34, 61 – 97.
  • [23] Freaney, C. (2011). Safety Culture and Safety Behaviors Among Firefighters (Doctoral dissertation). The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=2043&context=utk_graddiss
  • [24] Kjestveit, K., Tharaldsen, J., & Holte, K. A. (2011). Young and strong: what influences injury rates within building and construction?. Safety Science Monitor, 15(2), 1-15. [25] Smith, A. P. ve Wadsworth E.J.K (2009) “Safety Culture, Advice and Performance”. Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
  • [26] Basha, S.A. & Maiti, J. (2013). Relationship of demographic factors job risk perception and work injury in steel plants in India. Safety Science, Vol. 51, pp. 374-381.
  • [27] Kouabenan, D.M., Nguetsa, R. & Mbaye, S. (2015). Safety climate, perceived risk and involvement in safety management. Safety Science, Vol. 77, pp. 71-79.
  • [28] Budakoğlu, I. İ., Bakar, C., Atlı, K., & Akgün, S. (2015). TC Devlet Demir Yolları Behiç Bey Fabrikalarında Çalışan İşçilerde İş Kazaları Sıklığı Ve Bazı Risk Faktörleri. Mesleki Sağlık ve Güvenlik Dergisi (MSG), 8(29).
  • [29] Camkurt, M. Z. (2007) İşyeri Çalışma Sistemi ve İşyeri Fiziksel Faktörlerinin İş Kazaları Üzerindeki Etkisi, TÜHİS İş Hukuku ve İktisat Dergisi, Cilt:20, Sayı:6, Cilt:21, Sayı:1, Ankara,
  • [30] Yaşar, A. (2010). Sakarya’da Bir İnşaat Sahasında Çalışan İşçilerin Çalışma Koşulları ile İş Kazaları Geçirme Durumları ve İlişkili Etmenler, Gazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İşçi Sağlığı ve İş Güvenliği Ana Bilim Dalı, Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisan Tezi, Ankara.
  • [31] Choudhry, R. M., Fang, D., & Mohamed, S. (2007). The nature of safety culture: A survey of the state-of-the-art. Safety science, 45(10), 993-1012.
  • [32] Lee, T. R. (1996). Perceptions, attitudes and behaviour: the vital elements of a safety culture. Health and Safety, 10, 1-15.
  • [33] Guldenmund, F.W. (2000). The nature of safety culture: a review of theory and research. Safety Science, 34, 215-257.
  • [34] Pronovost, P., & Sexton, B. (2005). Assessing safety culture: guidelines and recommendations, Quality and Safety in Health Care, Vol.14, pp. 231-233.
  • [35] Von Thaden, Terry L. ve Gibbons, A.M. (2008). The Safety Culture Indicator Scale Measurement System (SCISMS). Human Factors Division Institute of Aviation University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1 Airport Road Savoy, Illinois 618747
  • [36] Wiegmann, D. A., von Thaden, T. L., & Gibbons, A. M. (2007). A review of safety culture theory and its potential application to traffic safety. Improving Traffic Safety Culture in the United States, 113. s 6-7
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Müge Ensari Özay 0000-0002-4785-5503

Ali Yazıcı This is me 0000-0002-8367-9308

Rüştü Uçan 0000-0003-2389-8231

Publication Date January 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 33 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ensari Özay, M., Yazıcı, A., & Uçan, R. (2021). A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences, 33(1), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.741261
AMA Ensari Özay M, Yazıcı A, Uçan R. A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters. JEPS. January 2021;33(1):83-89. doi:10.7240/jeps.741261
Chicago Ensari Özay, Müge, Ali Yazıcı, and Rüştü Uçan. “A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters”. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences 33, no. 1 (January 2021): 83-89. https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.741261.
EndNote Ensari Özay M, Yazıcı A, Uçan R (January 1, 2021) A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences 33 1 83–89.
IEEE M. Ensari Özay, A. Yazıcı, and R. Uçan, “A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters”, JEPS, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 83–89, 2021, doi: 10.7240/jeps.741261.
ISNAD Ensari Özay, Müge et al. “A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters”. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences 33/1 (January 2021), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.741261.
JAMA Ensari Özay M, Yazıcı A, Uçan R. A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters. JEPS. 2021;33:83–89.
MLA Ensari Özay, Müge et al. “A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters”. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Pure Sciences, vol. 33, no. 1, 2021, pp. 83-89, doi:10.7240/jeps.741261.
Vancouver Ensari Özay M, Yazıcı A, Uçan R. A Survey on Safety Culture: Fire Fighters. JEPS. 2021;33(1):83-9.