Abstract
In this study, the effect of cryogenic treatment on the hardness and wear properties of HSLA quality commercial automotive sheet welded joints was investigated. Laser welding processes; It was applied as a solid state laser source with a laser beam power of 1 kW and a feed rate of 250 mm.s-1. This welding process was performed on both sides in the butt position and without filler metal. Cryogenic treatment has been applied to HSLA quality steels before and after welding and has been grouped as such. Cryogenic processes -196°C for 24 hours ±1 oC/min. cooling was applied at the heating rate. Abrasion tests were carried out on a linear back and forth abrasion test device under 10N and 20N loads at a total distance of 600 m. The steps were created as 200 m and weight measurements and friction coefficients were determined for each step. In the experimental results, the laser welded sample showed the best wear performance under 10 N load, while the 20 N decreased wear performance with increasing load. In addition, it was found that at increasing load, the cryogenic treatment also increased the wear resistance, and the DCT applied after laser welding showed good performance among welded specimens for wear.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
Karabuk Universty
Project Number
KBU BAP-22-YL-050.
Thanks
This study was supported by the Karabuk University ScientificResearch Project Coordination unit by the KBU BAP-22-YL-050 numbered project. The authors would like to thank the Karabuk University Coordinator ship of Scientific Research Projects (KBU-BAP) for the financial support of this study with the project number KBU BAP-22-YL-050.
References
- M. Acarer and B. DemirMater Lett, vol. 62, no. 25, pp. 4158–4160, Sep. 2008.
- C. Ye et al., J Mater Eng Perform, vol. 29, no. 8, pp. 4944–4956, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.1007/S11665-020-04994-5/FIGURES/16.
- F. Hayat, B. Demir, and M. Acarer, Metal Science and Heat Treatment, vol. 49, no. 9–10, pp. 484–489, Sep. 2007, doi: 10.1007/S11041-007-0090-X/METRICS.
- B. Demir and M. Erdogan, JESTECH, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 97–103, 2012.
- G. Manimaran, M. Pradeep Kumar, and R. Venkatasamy, Cryogenics (Guildf), vol. 59, pp. 76–83, Jan. 2014, doi: 10.1016/J.CRYOGENICS.2013.11.005.
- Z. Shen and Y. Li, Mater Res Express, vol. 6, no. 9, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/AB2C89.
- D. Senthilkumar, I. Rajendran, M. Pellizzari, and J. Siiriainen, J Mater Process Technol, vol. 211, no. 3, pp. 396–401, Mar. 2011, doi: 10.1016/J.JMATPROTEC.2010.10.018.
- Y. Li, Y. Chen, and X. Zhou, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 2020, 2020, doi: 10.1155/2020/1501474.
- R. Gecu, Mater Chem Phys, vol. 292, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2022.126802.
- T. Zhang et al, Mater Charact, vol. 178, p. 111247, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.1016/J.MATCHAR.2021.111247.
- Collins, David N., Advanced materials & processes 154.6 (1998): H23-H23.
- W. Chen, W. Wu, C. Li, and X. Meng, J Mater Eng Perform, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 10–22, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1007/S11665-019- 04532-Y.
- Cemal OZGENC, Hayrettin AHLATCI, Yunus TUREN, Süleyman YASIN, Esma KESKIN, Mustafa Ali KUÇUK, Burcu ÇETINTAS, Yasin SUBASI, 4th International Iron& Steel Symposium, 4- 6 April 2019, Karabuk/TURKEY.
- Meng, Fanju, et al., ISIJ international 34.2 (1994): 205-210.
- J.Y. Huang, Y.T. Zhu, X.Z. Liao, I.J. Beyerlein, M.A. Bourke, T.E. Mitchell, Mat. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. 339 (1–2) (2003) 241–244.
- A.I. Tyshchenko, W. Theisen, A. Oppenkowski, S. Siebert, O.N. Razumov, A. P. Skoblik, et al., Mat. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. 527 (26) (2010) 7027–7039.
- Morito, S., J. Nishikawa, and T. Maki. ISIJ international 43.9 (2003): 1475-1477.
- P. Jovičević-Klug, 2020 doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.18264.5760 Esma KESKIN, Hayrettin AHLATCI, Yunus TUREN, Mustafa Ali KUÇUK, Yasin SUBASI, Burcu ÇETINTAS, 4th International Iron& Steel Symposium, 4- 6 April 2019, Karabuk/TURKEY.
- Hayreddin BOZTAS, Bengü AKIN, Esma KESKIN, Hayrettin AHLATCI, İsmail ESEN, Yunus TUREN, Süleyman YASIN, 5th International Conference on Innovative Studies of Contemporary Sciences, 14- 16 January 2022, Tokyo, JAPAN.
- Walsh, C. A., Materials Science and Metallurgy Department, University of Cambridge, England 1 (2002).
- L. Quintino, A. Costa, R. Miranda, D. Yapp, V. Kumar, and C. J. Kong, Mater Des, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 1231–1237, Jan. 2007, doi: 10.1016/J.MATDES.2006.01.009.
- https://www.erdemir.com.tr/Sites/1/upload/files/Urun_katalogu_EN-1270.pdf
- Yusuf ÖZDEMİR, Bilge DEMİR, Hayrettin AHLATCI, Esma KESKİN, Bengü AKIN”, 8 Th Internatıonal New York Conference On Evolvıng Trends In Interdıscıplınary Research & Practıces 1-3 May 2023, Manhattan, NEW YORK CITY.
Abstract
Öz
Bu çalışmada, kriyojenik işlemin HSLA kalite ticari otomotiv sac kaynaklı birleştirmelerinin sertlik ve aşınma özelliklerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Lazer kaynak işlemleri; katı hal lazer kaynağı olarak, 1 kW lazer ışın gücünde ve 250 mm.s-1 ilerleme hızında uygulanmıştır. Bu kaynak işlemi alın (butt) pozisyonunda ve dolgu metalsiz olarak çift taraflı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kriyojenik işlem, HSLA kalite çeliklere, kaynak öncesi, kaynak sonrası olacak şekilde uygulanmış ve bu şekilde gruplandırılmıştır. Kriyojenik işlemler -196 derece 24 saat süreyle ±1 oC/min. soğutma ısıtma hızıyla uygulanmıştır. Aşınma testleri lineer ileri geri aşındırma test cihazında 10N ve 20N yük altında toplam 600 m mesafe olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Adımlar 200 m olarak oluşturulmuş olup her adımda ağırlık ölçümleri ve sürtünme katsayıları tespit edilmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlarda lazer kaynaklı numune 10 N yük altında en iyi aşınma performansını gösterirken artan yük olan 20 N en düşüş aşınma performansını göstermiştir. İlave olarak artan yükte, kriyojenik işlemin de aşınma direncini artırdığını ve lazer kaynak işlem sonrası uygulanan DCT’nin aşınma için kaynaklı numuneler arasında iyi performansı gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Lazer kaynağı, Aşınma, HSLA, Kriyojenik işlem
Abstract
In this study, the effect of cryogenic treatment on the hardness and wear properties of HSLA quality commercial automotive sheet welded joints was investigated. Laser welding processes; It was applied as a solid state laser source with a laser beam power of 1 kW and a feed rate of 250 mm.s-1. This welding process was performed on both sides in the butt position and without filler metal. Cryogenic treatment has been applied to HSLA quality steels before and after welding and has been grouped as such. Cryogenic processes -196°C for 24 hours ±1 oC/min. cooling was applied at the heating rate. Abrasion tests were carried out on a linear back and forth abrasion test device under 10N and 20N loads at a total distance of 600 m. The steps were created as 200 m and weight measurements and friction coefficients were determined for each step. In the experimental results, the laser welded sample showed the best wear performance under 10 N load, while the 20 N decreased wear performance with increasing load. In addition, it was found that at increasing load, the cryogenic treatment also increased the wear resistance, and the DCT applied after laser welding showed good performance among welded specimens for wear.
Key Words
Laser welding, Wear, HSLA, Cryogenic treatment
Keywords
Project Number
KBU BAP-22-YL-050.
References
- M. Acarer and B. DemirMater Lett, vol. 62, no. 25, pp. 4158–4160, Sep. 2008.
- C. Ye et al., J Mater Eng Perform, vol. 29, no. 8, pp. 4944–4956, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.1007/S11665-020-04994-5/FIGURES/16.
- F. Hayat, B. Demir, and M. Acarer, Metal Science and Heat Treatment, vol. 49, no. 9–10, pp. 484–489, Sep. 2007, doi: 10.1007/S11041-007-0090-X/METRICS.
- B. Demir and M. Erdogan, JESTECH, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 97–103, 2012.
- G. Manimaran, M. Pradeep Kumar, and R. Venkatasamy, Cryogenics (Guildf), vol. 59, pp. 76–83, Jan. 2014, doi: 10.1016/J.CRYOGENICS.2013.11.005.
- Z. Shen and Y. Li, Mater Res Express, vol. 6, no. 9, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/AB2C89.
- D. Senthilkumar, I. Rajendran, M. Pellizzari, and J. Siiriainen, J Mater Process Technol, vol. 211, no. 3, pp. 396–401, Mar. 2011, doi: 10.1016/J.JMATPROTEC.2010.10.018.
- Y. Li, Y. Chen, and X. Zhou, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 2020, 2020, doi: 10.1155/2020/1501474.
- R. Gecu, Mater Chem Phys, vol. 292, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2022.126802.
- T. Zhang et al, Mater Charact, vol. 178, p. 111247, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.1016/J.MATCHAR.2021.111247.
- Collins, David N., Advanced materials & processes 154.6 (1998): H23-H23.
- W. Chen, W. Wu, C. Li, and X. Meng, J Mater Eng Perform, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 10–22, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1007/S11665-019- 04532-Y.
- Cemal OZGENC, Hayrettin AHLATCI, Yunus TUREN, Süleyman YASIN, Esma KESKIN, Mustafa Ali KUÇUK, Burcu ÇETINTAS, Yasin SUBASI, 4th International Iron& Steel Symposium, 4- 6 April 2019, Karabuk/TURKEY.
- Meng, Fanju, et al., ISIJ international 34.2 (1994): 205-210.
- J.Y. Huang, Y.T. Zhu, X.Z. Liao, I.J. Beyerlein, M.A. Bourke, T.E. Mitchell, Mat. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. 339 (1–2) (2003) 241–244.
- A.I. Tyshchenko, W. Theisen, A. Oppenkowski, S. Siebert, O.N. Razumov, A. P. Skoblik, et al., Mat. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. 527 (26) (2010) 7027–7039.
- Morito, S., J. Nishikawa, and T. Maki. ISIJ international 43.9 (2003): 1475-1477.
- P. Jovičević-Klug, 2020 doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.18264.5760 Esma KESKIN, Hayrettin AHLATCI, Yunus TUREN, Mustafa Ali KUÇUK, Yasin SUBASI, Burcu ÇETINTAS, 4th International Iron& Steel Symposium, 4- 6 April 2019, Karabuk/TURKEY.
- Hayreddin BOZTAS, Bengü AKIN, Esma KESKIN, Hayrettin AHLATCI, İsmail ESEN, Yunus TUREN, Süleyman YASIN, 5th International Conference on Innovative Studies of Contemporary Sciences, 14- 16 January 2022, Tokyo, JAPAN.
- Walsh, C. A., Materials Science and Metallurgy Department, University of Cambridge, England 1 (2002).
- L. Quintino, A. Costa, R. Miranda, D. Yapp, V. Kumar, and C. J. Kong, Mater Des, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 1231–1237, Jan. 2007, doi: 10.1016/J.MATDES.2006.01.009.
- https://www.erdemir.com.tr/Sites/1/upload/files/Urun_katalogu_EN-1270.pdf
- Yusuf ÖZDEMİR, Bilge DEMİR, Hayrettin AHLATCI, Esma KESKİN, Bengü AKIN”, 8 Th Internatıonal New York Conference On Evolvıng Trends In Interdıscıplınary Research & Practıces 1-3 May 2023, Manhattan, NEW YORK CITY.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Materials Engineering (Other) |
| Journal Section | Araştırma makalesi |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | KBU BAP-22-YL-050. |
| Early Pub Date | September 5, 2023 |
| Publication Date | September 5, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 1 |
