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Etkin Bir Sağlık Yönetimi Açısından COVID-19 Pandemisi Döneminde Medyanın Rolü

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 23 Sayı: Special Issue, 78 - 85, 30.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.862324

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, koronavirüs pandemisi ve bu pandeminin yol açtığı sağlık kriziyle mücadelenin etkin bir sağlık yönetimi ile yürütülmesinde medyanın sahip olduğu rolün sosyolojik bir bakış açısıyla ele alınması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada, nitel yöntem benimsenmiştir ve çevrimiçi etnografi ve görsel doküman analizi teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla hem konvansiyonel medyadaki hem de yeni medyadaki görsel ve yazılı materyaller ve sloganlar incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Bireyleri ve halkı etkileyecek araçlara sahip olduğu için medyanın pandemi sürecinde sağlık hizmetlerinin etkili bir şekilde yönetilmesinde de büyük bir role sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte, hem konvansiyonel hem de yeni medyanın sosyal ve ekonomik eşitsizlikleri göz ardı ettiği, bunun yerine sorunun kişisel boyutunu öne çıkardığı, kirli bilgi akışına yol açan infodemik bir durum yarattığı ve koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) ile ilgili sunumlarında pandemiyi bir hab-eğlence kaynağı olarak kullandığı ortaya konulmuştur.
Sonuç: Pandeminin başlangıcından beri kitle iletişim araçlarının bilgi almak ve bilgi paylaşmak için çok sık kullanılan araçlar olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, pandemi sürecinde etkin bir sağlık yönetimi yürütülebilmesi için medyanın objektif ve doğru bilgilendirme yapmasının oldukça önemli olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, medyanın manipülatif yönü, özellikle eşitsizlikleri görmezden gelme, sağlık davranışlarının tüm sorumluluğunu bireye yükleme, komplo teorilerini yayma, aktarma ve bir infodemiye yol açma konularında çok belirgindir.

Kaynakça

  • Emmison JM. The conceptualization and analysis of visual data. In: Silverman D, editor. Qualitative research: theory, method and practice. London: Sage; 1998. p.246-65.
  • Skågeby J. Online ethnographic methods: towards a qualitative understanding of virtual community practices. In: Daniel BK, editor. Handbook of research on methods and techniques for studying virtual communities: paradigms and phenomena. Hershey, PA: IGI Global; 2011. p.410-28.
  • Robbins K. Into the image: culture and politics in the field of vision, London: Routledge; 1996.
  • Viswanath K. Public communications and its role in reducing and eliminating health disparities. In: Thomson GE, Mitchell F, Williams MB, editors. Examining the health disparities research plan of the national institutes of health: unfinished business. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine; 2006. p. 215-53.
  • Schiller HI. The mind managers. Boston: Beacon Press; 1973.
  • Engels F. The condition of the working-class in England in 1844. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2010.
  • Beck U. Risk society: towards a new modernity. London: Sage; 1992.
  • de la Barra X. Poverty: the main cause of ill health in urban children. Health Educ Behav. 1998;25(1):46-59.
  • Marmot M, Allen J. COVID-19: exposing and amplifying inequalities. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2020;74(9):681-2.
  • Dorn AV, Cooney RE, Sabin ML. COVID-19 exacerbating inequalities in the US. Lancet. 2020;395(10232):1243-4.
  • Beaunoyer E, Dupéré S, Guitton MJ. COVID-19 and digital inequalities: Reciprocal impacts and mitigation strategies. Comput Human Behav. 2020;111:106424.
  • aa.com.tr [Internet]. Uştuk H. Fazıl Say, Burak Özçivit ve Fahriye Evcen 'Evde kal' çağrısı yaptı. [Cited: 2020 December 2]. Available from: https://www.aa.com.tr/ tr/kultur-sanat/fazil-say-burak-ozcivit-ve-fahriye-evcen-evde-kal-cagrisi-yapti/1780050.
  • pagesix.com [Internet]. Bergen S. Celebrities show whom they stay at home for amid coronavirus pandemic. [Cited: 2020 December 5]. Available from: https://pagesix.com/2020/03/24/celebrities-show-who-they-stay-at-home-for-amid-coronavirus-pandemic/.
  • sputniknews.com [Internet]. Dünyada halktan balkon ve çatılarda koronavirüse karşı direniş eylemi. [Cited: 2020 November 8]. Available from: https://tr.sputniknews.com/foto/202003171041619575-dunyada-halktan-balkon-ve-catilarda-koronaviruse-karsi-direnis-eylemi/.
  • trthaber.com [Internet]. Balkondan balkona isim-şehir oynayıp türkü söylediler. [Cited: 2020 November 17]. Available from: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/ yasam/balkondan-balkona-isim-sehir-oynayip-turku-soylediler-473258.html.
  • trthaber.com [Internet]. 4 kardeş balkondan sohbet etti. [Cited: 2020 December 12]. Available from: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/turkiye/4-kardes-balkondan-sohbet-etti-469261.html.
  • milliyet.com.tr [Internet]. Valilik duyurdu! 65 yaş ve üzeri vatandaşların sokağa çıkış saatleri değiştirildi. [Cited: 2020 December 10]. Available from: https://www.milliyet.com.tr/gundem/valilik-duyurdu-65-yas-ve-uzeri-vatandaslarin-sokaga-cikis-saatleri-degistirildi-6307265.
  • Duarte TR. Ignoring scientific advice during the COVID-19 pandemic: Bolsonaro’s actions and discourse. Tapuya: Lat Am Sci Tech Soc. 2020;3(1):288-91.
  • Frickel S, Rea CM. Drought, hurricane, or wildfire? assessing the Trump administration’s anti-science disaster. Engaging Science, Technology and Society. 2020;6:66-75.
  • bbc.com [Internet]. Trump Covid post deleted by Facebook and hidden by Twitter. [Cited: 2020 December 19] Available from: https://www.bbc.com/ news/technology-54440662.
  • hindustantimes.com [Internet]. Dutt N. Soothsayer vs doomsayer: Astrologers back in demand as anxiety mounts in pandemic times. [Cited: 2020 December 10]. Available from: https://www.hindustantimes.com/ cities/soothsayer-vs-doomsayer-astrologers-back-in-demand-as-anxiety-mounts-in-pandemic-times/story-YS5bCqMccvjNnTGubhoyJI.html.
  • medium.com [Internet]. Wardle C. Fake News; It’s complicated. [Cited: 2020 December 15]. Available from: https://medium.com/1st-draft/fake-news-its-complicated-d0f773766c79.
  • Baudrillard J. Simulation and simulacra. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press; [1981] 1994.
  • Yılmaz Gümüş V. Self-help literature in Turkey from the perspective of translation studies. International Journal of Social Inquiry. 2017;10(2):93-116.
  • Vatandaş S. COVID-19 pandemia and newspaper cuffs from the ‘agenda determination’ function. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri. 2020;1:61-78.
  • Wallack L, Dorfman L, Jernigan D, Themba-Nixon M. Media advocacy and public health: power for prevention. California: Sage Publications; 1993.
  • Bauman Z. Liquid life. Cambridge: Polity; 2005.
  • Brown BJ, Baker S. Responsible citizens: individuals, health and policy under neoliberalism. London: Anthem Press; 2013.
  • Mcnab C. What social media offers to health professionals and citizens. Bull World Health Organ. 2009;87(8):566.
  • showturk.com [Internet]. Koronavirüsle savaşan buğu. [Cited: 2020 December 5]. Available from: https://www.showturk.com.tr/programlar/video/koronavirusle-savasan-bugu/702125.
  • Thussu DK. News as entertainment: The rise of global infotainment. London: Sage; 2007.
  • Adorno TW. The cultural industry: selected essays on mass culture. London: Routledge; 1991.
  • Debord G. The society of the spectacle. Detroit: Red and Black; 1977.
  • nobleworld.co.uk [Internet]. BLT (2-Apr) motivation: How to keep yourself ‘up’. [Cited: 2020 December 10]. Available from: https://www.nobleword.co.uk/blt-2-apr-motivation-how-to-keep-yourself-up/.
  • Barthes R. Mythologies. London: Paladin Books; 1972.

The Role of Media in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in terms of Effective Health Care Management

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 23 Sayı: Special Issue, 78 - 85, 30.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.862324

Öz

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to handle the role of the media from a sociological point of view focusing on the management of the coronavirus pandemic and the crisis caused by this pandemic, with an effective health management.
Material and Methods: In this study, the qualitative method has been adopted, and online ethnography and visual document analysis techniques have been used. For this purpose, visual and written materials, and mottos were examined in cyberspace and in conventional media.
Results: Media has a significant role in managing health care effectively during the pandemic since it has the instruments to influence individuals and public. However, both conventional and new media ignores the social and economic disparities but underlines the personal dimension instead by creating an infodemic situation and using the pandemic as a source of info-tainment in their representations regarding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Conclusion: It is concluded that mass media has been a very frequently used tool for getting and sharing information since the very beginning of the pandemic. Therefore, it is clear that objective and correct information provided by the media is vital for an effective health care management during the pandemic. However, the manipulative facade of media is very vivid on especially the issues of ignoring inequalities, burdening the individual with the whole responsibility of his/her health behaviors, conveying conspiracy theories and leading to an infodemic.

Kaynakça

  • Emmison JM. The conceptualization and analysis of visual data. In: Silverman D, editor. Qualitative research: theory, method and practice. London: Sage; 1998. p.246-65.
  • Skågeby J. Online ethnographic methods: towards a qualitative understanding of virtual community practices. In: Daniel BK, editor. Handbook of research on methods and techniques for studying virtual communities: paradigms and phenomena. Hershey, PA: IGI Global; 2011. p.410-28.
  • Robbins K. Into the image: culture and politics in the field of vision, London: Routledge; 1996.
  • Viswanath K. Public communications and its role in reducing and eliminating health disparities. In: Thomson GE, Mitchell F, Williams MB, editors. Examining the health disparities research plan of the national institutes of health: unfinished business. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine; 2006. p. 215-53.
  • Schiller HI. The mind managers. Boston: Beacon Press; 1973.
  • Engels F. The condition of the working-class in England in 1844. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2010.
  • Beck U. Risk society: towards a new modernity. London: Sage; 1992.
  • de la Barra X. Poverty: the main cause of ill health in urban children. Health Educ Behav. 1998;25(1):46-59.
  • Marmot M, Allen J. COVID-19: exposing and amplifying inequalities. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2020;74(9):681-2.
  • Dorn AV, Cooney RE, Sabin ML. COVID-19 exacerbating inequalities in the US. Lancet. 2020;395(10232):1243-4.
  • Beaunoyer E, Dupéré S, Guitton MJ. COVID-19 and digital inequalities: Reciprocal impacts and mitigation strategies. Comput Human Behav. 2020;111:106424.
  • aa.com.tr [Internet]. Uştuk H. Fazıl Say, Burak Özçivit ve Fahriye Evcen 'Evde kal' çağrısı yaptı. [Cited: 2020 December 2]. Available from: https://www.aa.com.tr/ tr/kultur-sanat/fazil-say-burak-ozcivit-ve-fahriye-evcen-evde-kal-cagrisi-yapti/1780050.
  • pagesix.com [Internet]. Bergen S. Celebrities show whom they stay at home for amid coronavirus pandemic. [Cited: 2020 December 5]. Available from: https://pagesix.com/2020/03/24/celebrities-show-who-they-stay-at-home-for-amid-coronavirus-pandemic/.
  • sputniknews.com [Internet]. Dünyada halktan balkon ve çatılarda koronavirüse karşı direniş eylemi. [Cited: 2020 November 8]. Available from: https://tr.sputniknews.com/foto/202003171041619575-dunyada-halktan-balkon-ve-catilarda-koronaviruse-karsi-direnis-eylemi/.
  • trthaber.com [Internet]. Balkondan balkona isim-şehir oynayıp türkü söylediler. [Cited: 2020 November 17]. Available from: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/ yasam/balkondan-balkona-isim-sehir-oynayip-turku-soylediler-473258.html.
  • trthaber.com [Internet]. 4 kardeş balkondan sohbet etti. [Cited: 2020 December 12]. Available from: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/turkiye/4-kardes-balkondan-sohbet-etti-469261.html.
  • milliyet.com.tr [Internet]. Valilik duyurdu! 65 yaş ve üzeri vatandaşların sokağa çıkış saatleri değiştirildi. [Cited: 2020 December 10]. Available from: https://www.milliyet.com.tr/gundem/valilik-duyurdu-65-yas-ve-uzeri-vatandaslarin-sokaga-cikis-saatleri-degistirildi-6307265.
  • Duarte TR. Ignoring scientific advice during the COVID-19 pandemic: Bolsonaro’s actions and discourse. Tapuya: Lat Am Sci Tech Soc. 2020;3(1):288-91.
  • Frickel S, Rea CM. Drought, hurricane, or wildfire? assessing the Trump administration’s anti-science disaster. Engaging Science, Technology and Society. 2020;6:66-75.
  • bbc.com [Internet]. Trump Covid post deleted by Facebook and hidden by Twitter. [Cited: 2020 December 19] Available from: https://www.bbc.com/ news/technology-54440662.
  • hindustantimes.com [Internet]. Dutt N. Soothsayer vs doomsayer: Astrologers back in demand as anxiety mounts in pandemic times. [Cited: 2020 December 10]. Available from: https://www.hindustantimes.com/ cities/soothsayer-vs-doomsayer-astrologers-back-in-demand-as-anxiety-mounts-in-pandemic-times/story-YS5bCqMccvjNnTGubhoyJI.html.
  • medium.com [Internet]. Wardle C. Fake News; It’s complicated. [Cited: 2020 December 15]. Available from: https://medium.com/1st-draft/fake-news-its-complicated-d0f773766c79.
  • Baudrillard J. Simulation and simulacra. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press; [1981] 1994.
  • Yılmaz Gümüş V. Self-help literature in Turkey from the perspective of translation studies. International Journal of Social Inquiry. 2017;10(2):93-116.
  • Vatandaş S. COVID-19 pandemia and newspaper cuffs from the ‘agenda determination’ function. Sosyal Bilimler Metinleri. 2020;1:61-78.
  • Wallack L, Dorfman L, Jernigan D, Themba-Nixon M. Media advocacy and public health: power for prevention. California: Sage Publications; 1993.
  • Bauman Z. Liquid life. Cambridge: Polity; 2005.
  • Brown BJ, Baker S. Responsible citizens: individuals, health and policy under neoliberalism. London: Anthem Press; 2013.
  • Mcnab C. What social media offers to health professionals and citizens. Bull World Health Organ. 2009;87(8):566.
  • showturk.com [Internet]. Koronavirüsle savaşan buğu. [Cited: 2020 December 5]. Available from: https://www.showturk.com.tr/programlar/video/koronavirusle-savasan-bugu/702125.
  • Thussu DK. News as entertainment: The rise of global infotainment. London: Sage; 2007.
  • Adorno TW. The cultural industry: selected essays on mass culture. London: Routledge; 1991.
  • Debord G. The society of the spectacle. Detroit: Red and Black; 1977.
  • nobleworld.co.uk [Internet]. BLT (2-Apr) motivation: How to keep yourself ‘up’. [Cited: 2020 December 10]. Available from: https://www.nobleword.co.uk/blt-2-apr-motivation-how-to-keep-yourself-up/.
  • Barthes R. Mythologies. London: Paladin Books; 1972.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Elif Kıran 0000-0002-8039-3822

Adem Bölükbaşı 0000-0001-9795-6508

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mart 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 23 Sayı: Special Issue

Kaynak Göster

APA Kıran, E., & Bölükbaşı, A. (2021). The Role of Media in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in terms of Effective Health Care Management. Duzce Medical Journal, 23(Special Issue), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.862324
AMA Kıran E, Bölükbaşı A. The Role of Media in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in terms of Effective Health Care Management. Duzce Med J. Mart 2021;23(Special Issue):78-85. doi:10.18678/dtfd.862324
Chicago Kıran, Elif, ve Adem Bölükbaşı. “The Role of Media in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Terms of Effective Health Care Management”. Duzce Medical Journal 23, sy. Special Issue (Mart 2021): 78-85. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.862324.
EndNote Kıran E, Bölükbaşı A (01 Mart 2021) The Role of Media in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in terms of Effective Health Care Management. Duzce Medical Journal 23 Special Issue 78–85.
IEEE E. Kıran ve A. Bölükbaşı, “The Role of Media in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in terms of Effective Health Care Management”, Duzce Med J, c. 23, sy. Special Issue, ss. 78–85, 2021, doi: 10.18678/dtfd.862324.
ISNAD Kıran, Elif - Bölükbaşı, Adem. “The Role of Media in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Terms of Effective Health Care Management”. Duzce Medical Journal 23/Special Issue (Mart 2021), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.862324.
JAMA Kıran E, Bölükbaşı A. The Role of Media in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in terms of Effective Health Care Management. Duzce Med J. 2021;23:78–85.
MLA Kıran, Elif ve Adem Bölükbaşı. “The Role of Media in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Terms of Effective Health Care Management”. Duzce Medical Journal, c. 23, sy. Special Issue, 2021, ss. 78-85, doi:10.18678/dtfd.862324.
Vancouver Kıran E, Bölükbaşı A. The Role of Media in the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in terms of Effective Health Care Management. Duzce Med J. 2021;23(Special Issue):78-85.
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