Araştırma Makalesi
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Potential Use of Some Preplant Herbicides for Controlling Broadleaf Weeds Before Transplanting Tomato Seedlings

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 241 - 249, 23.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.671301

Öz

Weeds reduce yield competing with the tomato for nutrients, water, and light. Also, some common broadleaf weeds such as nightshade, cocklebur, and pigweed are hosts to bugs, disease, and viruses. Weed control with herbicides is focused directly or indirectly on improving the competitive ability of the crop with regard to the weeds. A field study was performed to investigate pre-plant and pre-emergence herbicide's efficacy on weeds and tomato cv. Alsancak Fı at vegetable research fields of Department of Horticulture in Siirt University, in June-August 2016-17. Oxyfluorfen (480 g/l a.i ha–1) active ingredient was identified as promising active ingredient because Weed Control Efficiency (WCE) was found 86% at 14 DAT, 79% at 28 DAT, 65% at 42 DAT, 56 DAT 52%, also Weed Index (WI) was detected 29%. All weed control processes have effectively reduced the density of weeds. However, clomazone (480 g/l EC 0.2 L a.i ha-1), fluometuron (500 g/l SC 2 L a.i ha-1), and flurochloridone (250 g/l EC 2.5 L a.i ha-1) were extremely injured the tomatoes. Although these there active ingredient control weeds more effectively, it cannot be used for weed control in tomato fields because of excessive crop injury. Oxyfluorfen 240 g/l EC 1 L a.i ha-1 and pendimetalin 450 g/l CS 3 L i ha-1 were found relatively promising, these two can be used, but the risk of phytotoxicity depending on application period, climatic and soil conditions should not be ignored.

Kaynakça

  • Burril, L.C., Cardenas, J. and Locatelli, E. 1976. Field Manual for Weed Control Research. International Plant Protection Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis.
  • Capinera, J.L. 2005. Relationships between insect pests and weeds: an evolutionary perspective. Weed Science, 53(6): 892–901.
  • FAOSTAT. 2021. Crops. [accessed on: 02 Jan. 2020] Available at: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/
  • Fidan, F., Karacaoglu, M., Koc, G. and Caglar, B. 2019. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) strains and epidemiological role of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotypes on tomato agroecology in Turkey. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(4): 9131–9144.
  • Frans, R.E., Talbert, R., Marx, D. and Crowley, H. 1986. Experimental design and techniques for measuring and analyzing plant responses to weed control practices. In N. D. Camper ed. Research Methods in Weed Science. 3rd ed. Champaign, IL: Southern Weed Science Society, p. 37–38.
  • Giannopolitis, C.N. 2007. The weeds in tomato and their treatment. Agriculture & Livestock, 10: 144–148.
  • Gill, G.S. and Kumar, V. 1969. Weed index- a new method for reporting weed control trials. Indian J. Agron., 14: 96–98.
  • Govindra, S., Bhan, V.M. and Tripathi, S.S. 1984. Effect of herbicides alone and in combination with weeding on tomato and associated weeds. Indian J. Weed Sci., 24: 262–266.
  • Hayat, G., Mennan, H. and Uzun, A. 1994. Using of Goal 2 E (Oxyfluorfen) in weed control in tomatoes. J. of Fac. of Agric., OMU, 9 (2): 37–42.
  • Hillger, D.E., Weller, S.C., Maynard, E.T. and Gibson, K.D. 2006. Emergent weed communities associated with tomato production systems in Indiana. Weed Sci., 54: 1106–1112.
  • Karipcin, M.Z., Dinc, S., Kara, M., Kahraman, S., Alp, I. and Cicekci, H. 2016. High temperature-tolerant tomato lines: bioactive compounds. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, 11(2): 117–125.
  • Mani, V.S., Chakraborty, T.K. and Gautam, K.C. 1976. Double hedge weed killers in peas. Indian Fmg., 26(2): 80–83. Pala, F., Mennan, H., Demir, A., Ocal, A., Karipcin M.Z., Pakyurek M. and Aydin M.H. 2017. Effect on weed control of soil disinfection with steam in strawberry farms. 4th International Regional Development Conference, at Tunceli, Turkey, p. 226–237.
  • PPP. 2020. Plant Protection Products. [accessed on: 06 Jan. 2020] Available at: https://bku.tarim.gov.tr/ Sajjapongse, A., Selleck, G.W. and Roan, Y.C. 1983. Weed control for transplanted tomato. Acta Hortic. 136: 65–72.
  • Samant, T.K. and Prusty, M. 2014. Effect of weed management on yield, economics and nutrient uptake in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Advance Research Journal of Crop Improvement, 5(2): 144–148.
  • Sırma, M. and Kadioglu, I. 2010. Determination of main weed species, their distributions and densities in wheat growing areas of Erzincan Otlukbeli County. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gazionmanpasa University, 27(1): 27–34.
  • Soares, M.B.B., Gonzaga, G.S., Souza-Cruz , A.B., Albuquerque, J.A.A., Santos, G.X.L., Ribeiro Rocha, P.R., Alves, J.M.A., Castro, T.S., Santos, T.S. and Souza-Cruz, D.L. 2018. Phytosociology of weed community in culture of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) and controlling possibilities with pre-emergent herbicides. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 16(5): 5311–5322.
  • TOB. 2021. Domates. [accessed on: 03 Jan. 2021] Available at: https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/GKGM/Menu/17/Uretici-Bilgi-Kosesi
  • TRIDGE. 2021. Tomato. [accessed on: 05 Jan. 2020] Available at: https://www.tridge.com/intelligences/tomato Yardim, E.N., Clive, A. and Edwards, A. 1998. The effects of chemical pest, disease and weed management practices on the trophic structure of nematode populations in tomato agroecosystems. Applied Soil Ecology, 7(2): 137–147.

Bazı Toprak Herbisitlerinin Domates Fidelerini Şaşırtmadan Önce Yabancı Otları Kontrol Etme Potansiyeli

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 241 - 249, 23.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.671301

Öz

Yabancı otlar; besin, su ve ışık için domates bitkisiyle rekabet ederek verimi azaltır. Ayrıca it üzümü, domuz pıtrağı ve horoz ibiği gibi yaygın geniş yapraklı otlar; böcek, hastalık ve virüslere konukçuluk etmektedir. Herbisitlerle yabancı ot kontrolü doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak ürünün yabancı otlarla ilgili rekabet kabiliyetini geliştirmeye odaklanmaktadır. Torpak herbisitlerinin yabancı ot ve domates (Alsancak F1) üzerindeki etkinliğini araştırmak için Siirt Üniversitesi Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümünün sebzecilik araştırma alanlarında Haziran-Ağustos 2016-17 arasında arazi çalışması yapılmıştır. Oxyfluorfen (480 g/l ai ha–1) parsellerinde yabancı ot kontrol etkisi (WCE) 14. günde %86, 28. günde %79, 42. günde %65 ve 56. günde %52; yabancı ot endeksi (WI) %29 olarak tespit edildiğinden bu herbisit umut verici olarak tanımlanmıştır. Tüm yabancı ot kontrol süreçleri yabancı otların yoğunluğunu azaltmıştır. Bununla birlikte, clomazone (480 g/l EC 0.2 L ai ha-1), fluometuron (500 g/l SC 2 L ai ha-1) ve flurochloridone (250 g/l EC 2.5 L ai ha-1) domates fidelerinde aşırı zararlanma oluşturmuştur. Clomazone, fluometuron ve flurochloridone yabancı otları değişik oranlarda kontrol etmelerine rağmen, aşırı ürün hasarı nedeniyle domateste kullanımlarının uygun olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Oxyfluorfen (240 g/l EC 1 L a.i ha-1) ve pendimetalin (450 g/l CS 3 L i ha-1) nispeten ümitvar bulunmuş, ancak bu herbisitlerin uygulama zamanı ile toprak ve iklim koşullarına bağlı olarak fitotoksisite riskinin oluşabileceği göz ardı edilmemelidir.

Kaynakça

  • Burril, L.C., Cardenas, J. and Locatelli, E. 1976. Field Manual for Weed Control Research. International Plant Protection Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis.
  • Capinera, J.L. 2005. Relationships between insect pests and weeds: an evolutionary perspective. Weed Science, 53(6): 892–901.
  • FAOSTAT. 2021. Crops. [accessed on: 02 Jan. 2020] Available at: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/
  • Fidan, F., Karacaoglu, M., Koc, G. and Caglar, B. 2019. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) strains and epidemiological role of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotypes on tomato agroecology in Turkey. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 17(4): 9131–9144.
  • Frans, R.E., Talbert, R., Marx, D. and Crowley, H. 1986. Experimental design and techniques for measuring and analyzing plant responses to weed control practices. In N. D. Camper ed. Research Methods in Weed Science. 3rd ed. Champaign, IL: Southern Weed Science Society, p. 37–38.
  • Giannopolitis, C.N. 2007. The weeds in tomato and their treatment. Agriculture & Livestock, 10: 144–148.
  • Gill, G.S. and Kumar, V. 1969. Weed index- a new method for reporting weed control trials. Indian J. Agron., 14: 96–98.
  • Govindra, S., Bhan, V.M. and Tripathi, S.S. 1984. Effect of herbicides alone and in combination with weeding on tomato and associated weeds. Indian J. Weed Sci., 24: 262–266.
  • Hayat, G., Mennan, H. and Uzun, A. 1994. Using of Goal 2 E (Oxyfluorfen) in weed control in tomatoes. J. of Fac. of Agric., OMU, 9 (2): 37–42.
  • Hillger, D.E., Weller, S.C., Maynard, E.T. and Gibson, K.D. 2006. Emergent weed communities associated with tomato production systems in Indiana. Weed Sci., 54: 1106–1112.
  • Karipcin, M.Z., Dinc, S., Kara, M., Kahraman, S., Alp, I. and Cicekci, H. 2016. High temperature-tolerant tomato lines: bioactive compounds. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, 11(2): 117–125.
  • Mani, V.S., Chakraborty, T.K. and Gautam, K.C. 1976. Double hedge weed killers in peas. Indian Fmg., 26(2): 80–83. Pala, F., Mennan, H., Demir, A., Ocal, A., Karipcin M.Z., Pakyurek M. and Aydin M.H. 2017. Effect on weed control of soil disinfection with steam in strawberry farms. 4th International Regional Development Conference, at Tunceli, Turkey, p. 226–237.
  • PPP. 2020. Plant Protection Products. [accessed on: 06 Jan. 2020] Available at: https://bku.tarim.gov.tr/ Sajjapongse, A., Selleck, G.W. and Roan, Y.C. 1983. Weed control for transplanted tomato. Acta Hortic. 136: 65–72.
  • Samant, T.K. and Prusty, M. 2014. Effect of weed management on yield, economics and nutrient uptake in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Advance Research Journal of Crop Improvement, 5(2): 144–148.
  • Sırma, M. and Kadioglu, I. 2010. Determination of main weed species, their distributions and densities in wheat growing areas of Erzincan Otlukbeli County. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gazionmanpasa University, 27(1): 27–34.
  • Soares, M.B.B., Gonzaga, G.S., Souza-Cruz , A.B., Albuquerque, J.A.A., Santos, G.X.L., Ribeiro Rocha, P.R., Alves, J.M.A., Castro, T.S., Santos, T.S. and Souza-Cruz, D.L. 2018. Phytosociology of weed community in culture of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) and controlling possibilities with pre-emergent herbicides. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 16(5): 5311–5322.
  • TOB. 2021. Domates. [accessed on: 03 Jan. 2021] Available at: https://www.tarimorman.gov.tr/GKGM/Menu/17/Uretici-Bilgi-Kosesi
  • TRIDGE. 2021. Tomato. [accessed on: 05 Jan. 2020] Available at: https://www.tridge.com/intelligences/tomato Yardim, E.N., Clive, A. and Edwards, A. 1998. The effects of chemical pest, disease and weed management practices on the trophic structure of nematode populations in tomato agroecosystems. Applied Soil Ecology, 7(2): 137–147.
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Fırat Pala 0000-0002-4394-8841

Zeki Karipçin 0000-0002-0105-6052

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Nisan 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Ocak 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Pala, F., & Karipçin, Z. (2021). Potential Use of Some Preplant Herbicides for Controlling Broadleaf Weeds Before Transplanting Tomato Seedlings. Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2), 241-249. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.671301