Öz
Development of infrastructures and facilities shows has started
entrepreneurship journey in Iranian scientific system. Development of infrastructures and facilities represents the beginning of entrepreneurship
journey in Iranian scientific system. However, Iranian entrepreneurial
university is not myth, but it has not been come true yet, especially in the
field of social entrepreneurship. The current situation of university represents or indicates the complex and
challenging journey ahead and suggests initiatives to transform Iranian
universities into more entrepreneurial institutions. There are two main
necessary conditions for this vital journey. One, Iranian universities not only
must pay close attention to the coherence between them and the environment, but
also, they should avoid the ivory tower attitude and take into careful
consideration about the specificities of their context and the needs of the
stakeholders. Second, it is need to change academic culture and attitudes and
promote and diffuse entrepreneurial culture and entrepreneurial values within
each institution. Changing in academic culture and attitudes is second point,
universities should promote and diffuse entrepreneurial culture and values
within each institution. Turning the traditional university into an
entrepreneurial university is a cultural matter, and it needs entrepreneurship
training, especially skills training to individuals. Based on this study,
shaping and effectiveness of entrepreneurial university don’t possible without
systematic development of skill training and entrepreneurial education for
students, faculty members, managers and staff, and reinforcement of
entrepreneurial attitudes in university human resources. Also, the main
weakness of academic entrepreneurship is overemphasis of economic-technical
entrepreneurship dimensions and low attention on socio-cultural
entrepreneurship. One of the key perspectives of the third generation
university is development of professional skills and competences and
empowerment of students and faculty in direction of national development
process and society problems solving. In the academic entrepreneurship journey,
we should eliminate weaknesses, strength strengths and increase universities
responsibility and accountability. Entrepreneurial university and the 3G
University should serve society in socio-economic dimensions.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Higher Education Entrepreneurial University Socio-economic Entrepreneurship
Kaynakça
- Audretsch, D. and Lehmann E. (2005), Does the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship hold for regions? Research Policy, 34(8), 191–202.
- Clark, B. R. (1998), Creating Entrepreneurial Universities, Oxford: Pergamon.
- Coduras, A., D. Urbano, A. Rojas and Martez S. (2008), ‘The relationship between university support to entrepreneurship with entrepreneurial activity in Spain: A GEM data based analysis’, International Advances in Economic Research, 14(4), 395–406.
- Coduras, A., J., Levie, D. Kelley, R. Sumundsson and Schott T. (2010), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Special Report: A Global Perspective on Entrepreneurship Education and Training, Babson Park, MA: Babson College.
- Coleman, J. S. (1988), Social capital in the creation of human capital, American Journal of Sociology, 94, 95–120.
- Etzkowitz, H. & Mello J. (2004), Rise of the Brazilian Triple Helix, International Journal of Technology Management and Sustainable Development, 2(3), 159–71.
- Fayolle A. & Redford, D. T. ( 2014), Introduction: towards more entrepreneurial universities - Myth or Reality, Handbook on the entrepreneurial university, University of Melbourne, 1-10.
- Grandi, A. and Grimaldi R. (2005), Academics’ organizational characteristics and the generation of successful business ideas, J of Business Venturing, 20(6), 821–45.
- Grimaldi, R., M. Kenney, D. Siegel and Wright M. (2011), 30 years after Bayh-Dole: Reassessing academic entrepreneurship’, Research Policy, 40(8), 1045–57.
- Guerrero, M. and Urbano D. (2011), The Creation and Development of Entrepreneurial Universities in Spain: An Institutional Approach, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
- Guerrero, M. and Urbano D. (2012), The development of an entrepreneurial university, J of Technology Transfer, 37(1), 43–74.
- Guerrero M., Urbano D. & Salamzadeh A. (2014), Evolving entrepreneurial universities: experiences and challenges in the Middle Eastern context, Handbook on the entrepreneurial university, University of Melbourne, 163-187.
- Kirby, D. A. (2006), Creating entrepreneurial universities in the UK: Applying entrepreneurship theory to practice, J of Technology Transfer, 31(5), 599–603.
- Kirby, D. A., M. Guerrero and Urbano D. (2011), the theoretical and empirical side of entrepreneurial universities: An institutional approach’, Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 28(3), 302–16.
- Linan, F., D. Urbano and Guerrero M. (2011), Regional variations in entrepreneurial cognitions: Start-up intentions of university students in Spain, Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 23(3), 187–215.
- Link, A. and Scott J. (2005), ‘Opening the ivory tower’s door: An analysis of the determinants of the formation of U.S. university spin-off companies, Research Policy, 34(7), 1106–12.
- Louis, K.S., D. Blumenthal, M.E. Gluck and Stoto M.A. (1989), Entrepreneurs in academe: An exploration of behaviors among life scientists, Administrative Science Quarterly, 34(1), 110–31.
- Lucas, R. J. (1988), On the mechanics of economic development, Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), 3–42.
- Mahdi Reza (2014a), Entrepreneurship University with Total Approach, research project, Tehran, Institute for Cultural and Social Studies.
- Mahdi, Reza (2014b), Capacity making for academic entrepreneurship and skill-learning by the supporting knowledge-based firms law, J. of Maharat Amozi, 2(6): 24-38.
- Mahdi Reza (2015), Evaluation of National Science and Technology Policies in Iran, Elsevier, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, p. 210-219.
- North, D. C. (1990), Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance, Cambridge, UK: University Press.
- North, D.C. (2005), Understanding the Process of Economic Change, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University.
- O’Shea, R.P., T. J. Allen, K.P. Morse, C. O’Gorman and Roche F. (2007), Delineating the anatomy of an entrepreneurial university: Massachusetts Institute of Technology experience, R&D Mgn, 37(1), 1–16.
- Powers, J. and McDougall P. P. (2005), University start-up formation and technological licensing with firms that go public: A resource-based view of academic entrepreneurship, Journal of Business Venturing, 20(3), 291–311.
- Romer, P. (1986), Increasing returns and long-run growth, Journal of Political Economy, 94(5), 1002–37.
- Schulte, P. (2004), ‘The entrepreneurial university: A strategy for institutional development’, Higher Education in Europe, 29(2), 187–91.
- Sharif M. Nawaz (1983), Management of Technology Transfer and Development, India, UN, ESCAP.
- Solow, R. (1956), ‘A contribution to the economic growth theory’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65–94.
- Thornton, P., D. Ribeiro-Soriano and Urbano D. (2011), Socio-cultural factors and entrepreneurial activity: An overview, International Small Business Journal, 29(2), 105–18.
- Urbano, D. and Guerrero M. (2013), Entrepreneurial universities: Socioeconomic impacts of academic entrepreneurship in a European region, Economic Development, DOI: 10.1177/0891242412471973.
- Wernerfelt, B. (1995), the resource-based view of the firm: Ten years after, Strategic Management J., 16(3), 171–4.
- Wood, M. (2009), does one size fit all? The multiple organizational forms leading to successful academic entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(4), 929–947.
- Yongxing LU (2010), Science and Technology in China: A Roadmap to 2050, Strategic General Report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Science Press Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Öz
Kaynakça
- Audretsch, D. and Lehmann E. (2005), Does the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship hold for regions? Research Policy, 34(8), 191–202.
- Clark, B. R. (1998), Creating Entrepreneurial Universities, Oxford: Pergamon.
- Coduras, A., D. Urbano, A. Rojas and Martez S. (2008), ‘The relationship between university support to entrepreneurship with entrepreneurial activity in Spain: A GEM data based analysis’, International Advances in Economic Research, 14(4), 395–406.
- Coduras, A., J., Levie, D. Kelley, R. Sumundsson and Schott T. (2010), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Special Report: A Global Perspective on Entrepreneurship Education and Training, Babson Park, MA: Babson College.
- Coleman, J. S. (1988), Social capital in the creation of human capital, American Journal of Sociology, 94, 95–120.
- Etzkowitz, H. & Mello J. (2004), Rise of the Brazilian Triple Helix, International Journal of Technology Management and Sustainable Development, 2(3), 159–71.
- Fayolle A. & Redford, D. T. ( 2014), Introduction: towards more entrepreneurial universities - Myth or Reality, Handbook on the entrepreneurial university, University of Melbourne, 1-10.
- Grandi, A. and Grimaldi R. (2005), Academics’ organizational characteristics and the generation of successful business ideas, J of Business Venturing, 20(6), 821–45.
- Grimaldi, R., M. Kenney, D. Siegel and Wright M. (2011), 30 years after Bayh-Dole: Reassessing academic entrepreneurship’, Research Policy, 40(8), 1045–57.
- Guerrero, M. and Urbano D. (2011), The Creation and Development of Entrepreneurial Universities in Spain: An Institutional Approach, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
- Guerrero, M. and Urbano D. (2012), The development of an entrepreneurial university, J of Technology Transfer, 37(1), 43–74.
- Guerrero M., Urbano D. & Salamzadeh A. (2014), Evolving entrepreneurial universities: experiences and challenges in the Middle Eastern context, Handbook on the entrepreneurial university, University of Melbourne, 163-187.
- Kirby, D. A. (2006), Creating entrepreneurial universities in the UK: Applying entrepreneurship theory to practice, J of Technology Transfer, 31(5), 599–603.
- Kirby, D. A., M. Guerrero and Urbano D. (2011), the theoretical and empirical side of entrepreneurial universities: An institutional approach’, Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 28(3), 302–16.
- Linan, F., D. Urbano and Guerrero M. (2011), Regional variations in entrepreneurial cognitions: Start-up intentions of university students in Spain, Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 23(3), 187–215.
- Link, A. and Scott J. (2005), ‘Opening the ivory tower’s door: An analysis of the determinants of the formation of U.S. university spin-off companies, Research Policy, 34(7), 1106–12.
- Louis, K.S., D. Blumenthal, M.E. Gluck and Stoto M.A. (1989), Entrepreneurs in academe: An exploration of behaviors among life scientists, Administrative Science Quarterly, 34(1), 110–31.
- Lucas, R. J. (1988), On the mechanics of economic development, Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), 3–42.
- Mahdi Reza (2014a), Entrepreneurship University with Total Approach, research project, Tehran, Institute for Cultural and Social Studies.
- Mahdi, Reza (2014b), Capacity making for academic entrepreneurship and skill-learning by the supporting knowledge-based firms law, J. of Maharat Amozi, 2(6): 24-38.
- Mahdi Reza (2015), Evaluation of National Science and Technology Policies in Iran, Elsevier, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, p. 210-219.
- North, D. C. (1990), Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance, Cambridge, UK: University Press.
- North, D.C. (2005), Understanding the Process of Economic Change, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University.
- O’Shea, R.P., T. J. Allen, K.P. Morse, C. O’Gorman and Roche F. (2007), Delineating the anatomy of an entrepreneurial university: Massachusetts Institute of Technology experience, R&D Mgn, 37(1), 1–16.
- Powers, J. and McDougall P. P. (2005), University start-up formation and technological licensing with firms that go public: A resource-based view of academic entrepreneurship, Journal of Business Venturing, 20(3), 291–311.
- Romer, P. (1986), Increasing returns and long-run growth, Journal of Political Economy, 94(5), 1002–37.
- Schulte, P. (2004), ‘The entrepreneurial university: A strategy for institutional development’, Higher Education in Europe, 29(2), 187–91.
- Sharif M. Nawaz (1983), Management of Technology Transfer and Development, India, UN, ESCAP.
- Solow, R. (1956), ‘A contribution to the economic growth theory’, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65–94.
- Thornton, P., D. Ribeiro-Soriano and Urbano D. (2011), Socio-cultural factors and entrepreneurial activity: An overview, International Small Business Journal, 29(2), 105–18.
- Urbano, D. and Guerrero M. (2013), Entrepreneurial universities: Socioeconomic impacts of academic entrepreneurship in a European region, Economic Development, DOI: 10.1177/0891242412471973.
- Wernerfelt, B. (1995), the resource-based view of the firm: Ten years after, Strategic Management J., 16(3), 171–4.
- Wood, M. (2009), does one size fit all? The multiple organizational forms leading to successful academic entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(4), 929–947.
- Yongxing LU (2010), Science and Technology in China: A Roadmap to 2050, Strategic General Report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Science Press Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Ayrıntılar
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
|---|---|
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 9 Aralık 2016 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 23 Aralık 2016 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2016Cilt: 2 Sayı: 6 |
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